Aluminum Extractor

2011-08-09T16:39:14Z

The Humblefactory:

{{ToolTemplate|ToolName=Aluminum Extractor}}

{{Category=Materials}}
[[Category:Chemical_engineering_for_OSE_use]]
Aluminum extraction from clay - we are not talking about energy intensive smelting (requires fuel consumption on the order of 1 gallon of fuel oil for 1 kg of metal) with bauxite as aluminum ore, but a thermal and chemical process based on clay- not bauxite. Aluminum is not smelted, but leached out with hydrochloric acid: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4388280.html. This is remarkable news to anyone interested in a better world - formerly strategic metals can be made anywhere. I need not emphasize the ranges of use of aluminum.

Kaolin clay is composed of aluminum and silicon (Si2Al2O5(OH)4). Reduction of Kaolin would then result in an aluminum/silicon alloy. In practice, carbides (usually SiC) resist further reduction except at very high temperatures (2050°C). Thus, the smelted product is likely some aluminum-rich alloy with various highly refractory simple and complex carbides.

Parent material is reduced ''carbothermically'', that is, it is reduced in the presence of carbon and the absence of oxygen at high temperatures. The carbon is oxidized to produce carbon mon- and di-oxide and the metal oxides are reduced.

The paper [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V2S-4PF0X6V-1&_user=521384&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000059563&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=521384&md5=beeacd8e14dee1a7cb0059b6bb739790 carbothermal reduction of alumina] by m.halmann (at) weizmann.ac.il describes the carbothermic reduction of alumina rich material in an atmosphere of methane gas at high temperatures. Internal copy of this paper: [[File:halman.pdf]]

Such temperatures could be produced with a point focusing solar collector (see [[Metal Refining]] for more)

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Page 66 in this online book talks about a plant in the Ukraine that smelts kaolin into an aluminum/silicon alloy: [http://books.google.com/books?id=XlmAKOjvnrgC&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=reduction+kaolin+aluminum&source=web&ots=2vF1okG5iX&sig=oh_J4JdI6XQDxZ68-j2i-b767Tw&hl=en#PPA65,M1 The Handbook of Aluminum] by George E Totten, D Scott MacKenzie

At temperatures below 2000°C, I assume aluminum metal may be separated from silicon carbide (SiC).

=Collaboration=
==Review of Project Status==
==Aluminum - Current Work==

[[Metal_Refining]]
== Aluminum - Developments Needed==
=== Aluminum - General===

==links==

all about aluminium:
http://sam.davyson.com/as/physics/aluminium/siteus/index.html

how aluminum is made
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_gx5205/is_1997/ai_n19124810/
&
http://www.rocksandminerals.com/aluminum/process.htm
&
http://science.howstuffworks.com/aluminum3.htm

aluminum recycling and processing for sustainability
http://books.google.at/books?id=t-Jg-i0XlpcC&pg=PA197&lpg=PA197&dq=intitle:aluminum+production+clays+-patent&source=bl&ots=dyGaESjSJu&sig=uhSUFo2Bc9UYzCGMKFII7OmpqF8&hl=de&ei=Cr9hSt79O5qOnAONxKz4Dw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3

environmental chemistry of aluminum
http://books.google.at/books?id=lNxltQeVP9UC&pg=PA253&lpg=PA253&dq=intitle:aluminum+production+clays+-patent&source=bl&ots=7Akaax7fNZ&sig=Q6v9n37jOf_FEDAjaN4aaqpSJZY&hl=de&ei=Cr9hSt79O5qOnAONxKz4Dw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6

environmental guidelines for aluminum manufactoring
http://www.miga.org/documents/AluminumManufacturing.pdf
&
http://www.ifc.org/ifcext/enviro.nsf/AttachmentsByTitle/gui_alummfg_WB/$FILE/alum_PPAH.pdf
(world bank and investment guarantee agency)

pollution prevention in manufactoring aluminunm
http://www.p2pays.org/ref/21/20400.htm

why aluminum smelting is not good
http://planet.wwu.edu/archives/2006/articles/fall/popping-the-top.php

national environmental health report on aluminium
http://enhealth.nphp.gov.au/council/pubs/pdf/alumin.pdf

Handbook of corrosion engeneering
http://www.scribd.com/doc/9402306/Handbook-of-Corrosion-Engineering-

extraction of aluminum
http://www.tms.org/pubs/Books/4062.chapter2.pdf

the evolution of the world aluminum industry
http://books.google.at/books?hl=de&lr=&id=1NS2ja36QckC&oi=fnd&pg=PA39&dq=aluminum+production+from+clays&ots=dQn5uYR_vZ&sig=Afp24-4CYgPIkWPhM0UjSF-4iXw

aluminum alloy castings
http://books.google.at/books?id=JM0u1vwrS5UC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=intitle:aluminum+production+clays+-patent&source=bl&ots=VwQAbCkL-o&sig=vMXAQovuSJOIYroY8VfQJYFfKE4&hl=de&ei=Cr9hSt79O5qOnAONxKz4Dw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9

article: hydrolysis products of solution and exchangeable aluminum in acidic soil
http://scholar.google.at/scholar?q=info:VxZNUwsol1IJ:scholar.google.com/&output=viewport&pg=1&hl=de

=== Aluminum - Specific===
==== Aluminum - Background Debriefing====
==== Aluminum - Information Work====
==== Aluminum - Hardware Work====

==Related Links==

== Aluminum - Sign-in==
=Development Work Template=
#[[Aluminum - Product Definition]]
##[[Aluminum - General]]
##[[Aluminum - General Scope]]
##[[Aluminum - Product Ecology]]
###[[Aluminum - Localization]]
###[[Aluminum - Scaleability]]
###[[Aluminum - Analysis of Scale]]
###[[Aluminum - Lifecycle Analysis]]
##[[Aluminum - Enterprise Options]]
##[[Aluminum - Development Approach]]
###[[Aluminum - Timeline]]
###[[Aluminum - Development Budget]]
####[[Aluminum - Value Spent]]
####[[Aluminum - Value available]]
####[[Aluminum - Value needed]]
##[[Aluminum - Deliverables and Product Specifications]]
##[[Aluminum - Industry Standards]]
##[[Aluminum - Market and Market Segmentation]]
##[[Aluminum - Salient Features and Keys to Success]]
#[[Aluminum - Technical Design]]
##[[Aluminum - Product System Design]]
###[[Aluminum - Diagrams and Conceptual Drawings]]
####[[Aluminum - Pattern Language Icons]]
####[[Aluminum - Structural Diagram]]
####[[Aluminum - Funcional or Process Diagram]]
####[[Aluminum - Workflow]]
###[[Aluminum- Technical Issues]]
###[[Aluminum - Deployment Strategy]]
###[[Aluminum - Performance specifications]]
###[[Aluminum - Calculations]]
####[[Aluminum - Design Calculations]]
####[[Aluminum - Yields]]
####[[Aluminum - Rates]]
####[[Aluminum - Structural Calculations]]
####[[Aluminum - Power Requirements]]
####[[Aluminum - Ergonomics of Production]]
####[[Aluminum -Time Requirements]]
####[[Aluminum - Economic Breakeven Analysis]]
####[[Aluminum - Scaleability Calculations]]
####[[Aluminum - Growth Calculations]]
###[[Aluminum - Technical Drawings and CAD]]
###[[Aluminum - CAM Files]]
##[[Aluminum - Component Design]]
###[[Aluminum - Diagrams]]
###[[Aluminum - Conceptual drawings]]
###[[Aluminum - Performance specifications]]
###[[Aluminum - Performance calculations]]
###[[Aluminum - Technical drawings and CAD]]
###[[Aluminum - CAM files whenever available]]
##[[Aluminum - Subcomponents]]
#[[Aluminum - Deployment and Results]]
##[[Aluminum - Production steps]]
##[[Aluminum - Flexible Fabrication or Production]]
##[[Aluminum - Bill of materials]]
##[[Aluminum - Pictures and Video]]
##[[Aluminum - Data]]
#[[Aluminum - Documentation and Education]]
##[[Aluminum - Documentation]]
##[[Aluminum - Enterprise Plans]]
#[[Aluminum - Resource Development]]
##[[Aluminum - Identifying Stakeholders]]
###[[Aluminum - Information Collaboration]]
####[[Aluminum - Wiki Markup]]
####[[Aluminum - Addition of Supporting References]]
####[[Aluminum - Production of diagrams, flowcharts, 3D computer models, and other qualitative information architecture]]
####[[Aluminum - Technical Calculations, Drawings, CAD, CAM, other]]
###[[Aluminum - Prototyping]]
###[[Aluminum - Funding]]
###[[Aluminum - Preordering working products]]
###[[Aluminum - Grantwriting]]
###[[Aluminum - Publicity]]
###[[Aluminum - User/Fabricator Training and Accreditation]]
###[[Aluminum - Standards and Certification Developmen]]
###[[Aluminum - Other]]
##[[Aluminum - Grantwriting]]
###[[Aluminum - Volunteer grantwriters]]
###[[Aluminum - Professional, Outcome-Based Grantwriters]]
##[[Aluminum - Collaborative Stakeholder Funding]]
##[[Aluminum - Tool and Material Donations]]
##[[Aluminum - Charitable Contributions]]

Open Source Ecology - User contributions [en]

Aluminum Extractor