Azolla - Revision history

Davinpaul at 16:33, 15 April 2017

2017-04-15T16:33:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 15 April 2017
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	==Sources==		==Sources==
			*Biologic Performance - $15 - [https://biologicperformance.com/product/azolla-caroliniana/]
	*Pond Megastore - $10 - [https://www.pondmegastore.com/shop/product.php?productid=16294]		*Pond Megastore - $10 - [https://www.pondmegastore.com/shop/product.php?productid=16294]
	*Loch Ness Water Gardens - $7 - [http://www.lochnesswatergardens.com/azolla.html]		*Loch Ness Water Gardens - $7 - [http://www.lochnesswatergardens.com/azolla.html]

Rasmus: added ==Broader Implications==

2016-08-11T01:37:22Z

added ==Broader Implications==

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:37, 11 August 2016
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	*Product Ecology: Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]]): grow azolla on wastewater		*Product Ecology: Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]]): grow azolla on wastewater
	*Product Ecology: [[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)		*Product Ecology: [[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)
	*Product Ecology: [[Fermentation \| Lactofermentation]] when longer-term storage is required		*Product Ecology: [[Fermentation \| Lactofermentation]]/([[silage]]) when longer-term storage is required
			*Product Ecology: press to extract oil

			==Broader Implications==
			The cultivation of azolla and duckweed as "base crops" has some important implications. Equipment can be entirely different than in conventional agriculture. It would include pumps to move nutrients around, as well as small solar-driven miniature boats for continuous harvesting. This would eliminate the need for liquid fuels (for tractors). Solar power could gain a more important role. This may even include solar thermal power for pumps (using the expansion of air to move water).

	==Azolla Biodiesel==		==Azolla Biodiesel==

Rasmus: /* Azolla Biodiesel */

2016-07-16T13:06:05Z

Azolla Biodiesel

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:06, 16 July 2016
Line 27:		Line 27:

	==Azolla Biodiesel==		==Azolla Biodiesel==
	Because of its high oil content, Azolla may be a potential feedstock for [[biodiesel]] production. A recent open access paper analyzed the: [http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9665-3 "Lipid Yield and Composition of Azolla filiculoides and the Implications for Biodiesel Production"]. Another publication: [http://www.ajol.info/index.php/tjpr/article/view/107718 "Biodiesel Production from Azolla filiculoides"].		Because of its high oil content, Azolla may be a potential feedstock for [[biodiesel]] production. A recent open access paper analyzed the: [http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9665-3 "Lipid Yield and Composition of Azolla filiculoides and the Implications for Biodiesel Production"]. Another publication: [http://www.ajol.info/index.php/tjpr/article/view/107718 "Biodiesel Production from Azolla filiculoides"].

			Besides biodiesel, other paths to bio-energy exist, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_liquefaction Hydrothermal liquefaction] for conversion to a crude-oil like liquid.

	==Azolla as the better microalgae farming==		==Azolla as the better microalgae farming==

Rasmus: /* Growth Characteristics */

2016-05-11T22:48:53Z

Growth Characteristics

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:48, 11 May 2016
Line 8:		Line 8:
	*"200 g per square meter" per day - [http://theazollafoundation.org/growing-azolla/cultivation-of-azolla-as-a-livestock-feed/]		*"200 g per square meter" per day - [http://theazollafoundation.org/growing-azolla/cultivation-of-azolla-as-a-livestock-feed/]
	*Dry weight percent - 5% - [https://books.google.com/books?id=VmFNJ5XvvVwC&pg=PA75&lpg=PA75&dq=water+content+of+azolla&source=bl&ots=GXzrNTy101&sig=m_dx83-ZhUiHFEARq-zPXsdxw24&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBGoVChMIpZbro-6iyAIVAV0eCh3HCwxB#v=onepage&q=water%20content%20of%20azolla&f=false]		*Dry weight percent - 5% - [https://books.google.com/books?id=VmFNJ5XvvVwC&pg=PA75&lpg=PA75&dq=water+content+of+azolla&source=bl&ots=GXzrNTy101&sig=m_dx83-ZhUiHFEARq-zPXsdxw24&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBGoVChMIpZbro-6iyAIVAV0eCh3HCwxB#v=onepage&q=water%20content%20of%20azolla&f=false]
	*Optimum temperature range for Azolla growth has been shown to be between 18 and 28°C, although this is very much dependent on species, and optimal temperature as high as 33°C have been noted with some strains.		*Optimum temperature range for Azolla growth has been shown to be between 18 and 28°C, although this is very much dependent on species, and optimal temperature as high as 33°C have been noted with some strains (see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030437708390027X this paper] for details.

	[[File:Azolla_chicken_feed.jpg ‎\|480px\|thumb\|right\|"Azolla as chicken food." (image from [https://youtu.be/qstwyYlChQc ‎Youtube video]: "''Azolla is an excellent food supplement for backyard poultry. It is easy to grow and practically free of cost. It helps keep feathers shiny and improves their digestion. It is cooling and keeps their bones strong.		[[File:Azolla_chicken_feed.jpg ‎\|480px\|thumb\|right\|"Azolla as chicken food." (image from [https://youtu.be/qstwyYlChQc ‎Youtube video]: "''Azolla is an excellent food supplement for backyard poultry. It is easy to grow and practically free of cost. It helps keep feathers shiny and improves their digestion. It is cooling and keeps their bones strong.

Rasmus: /* Uses and Product Ecology */

2016-05-11T22:47:18Z

Uses and Product Ecology

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:47, 11 May 2016
Line 17:		Line 17:
	*animal fodder: cows, chickens, fish, pigs, goats, etc.		*animal fodder: cows, chickens, fish, pigs, goats, etc.
	*for human consumption: salad; powder		*for human consumption: salad; powder
	*source of nitrogen fertilizer (widely used as N-source in rice cultivation in China during last 1000y)		*source of nitrogen fertilizer (was widely used as N-source in rice cultivation in China during last 1000y)
	*for biogas and [[biodiesel]] (see below)		*for biogas and [[biodiesel]] (see below)
			*use of effluent from [[biogas]] digester to fertilize Azolla
	*wastewater treatment		*wastewater treatment
	*initial soil [[biomining]] for nutrients: phosphorus and potassium from subsoil / mud, for subsequent use in agriculture		*initial soil [[biomining]] for nutrients: phosphorus and potassium from subsoil / mud, for subsequent use in agriculture
	*Product Ecology: Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]]): grow azolla on wastewater		*Product Ecology: Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]]): grow azolla on wastewater
	*Product Ecology: [[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)		*Product Ecology: [[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)
			*Product Ecology: [[Fermentation \| Lactofermentation]] when longer-term storage is required

	==Azolla Biodiesel==		==Azolla Biodiesel==

Rasmus: /* Growth Characteristics */

2016-05-11T22:44:43Z

Growth Characteristics

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:44, 11 May 2016
Line 8:		Line 8:
	*"200 g per square meter" per day - [http://theazollafoundation.org/growing-azolla/cultivation-of-azolla-as-a-livestock-feed/]		*"200 g per square meter" per day - [http://theazollafoundation.org/growing-azolla/cultivation-of-azolla-as-a-livestock-feed/]
	*Dry weight percent - 5% - [https://books.google.com/books?id=VmFNJ5XvvVwC&pg=PA75&lpg=PA75&dq=water+content+of+azolla&source=bl&ots=GXzrNTy101&sig=m_dx83-ZhUiHFEARq-zPXsdxw24&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBGoVChMIpZbro-6iyAIVAV0eCh3HCwxB#v=onepage&q=water%20content%20of%20azolla&f=false]		*Dry weight percent - 5% - [https://books.google.com/books?id=VmFNJ5XvvVwC&pg=PA75&lpg=PA75&dq=water+content+of+azolla&source=bl&ots=GXzrNTy101&sig=m_dx83-ZhUiHFEARq-zPXsdxw24&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBGoVChMIpZbro-6iyAIVAV0eCh3HCwxB#v=onepage&q=water%20content%20of%20azolla&f=false]
	*Optimum temperature range for Azolla growth has been shown to be between 18 and 28°C.		*Optimum temperature range for Azolla growth has been shown to be between 18 and 28°C, although this is very much dependent on species, and optimal temperature as high as 33°C have been noted with some strains.

	[[File:Azolla_chicken_feed.jpg ‎\|480px\|thumb\|right\|"Azolla as chicken food." (image from [https://youtu.be/qstwyYlChQc ‎Youtube video]: "''Azolla is an excellent food supplement for backyard poultry. It is easy to grow and practically free of cost. It helps keep feathers shiny and improves their digestion. It is cooling and keeps their bones strong.		[[File:Azolla_chicken_feed.jpg ‎\|480px\|thumb\|right\|"Azolla as chicken food." (image from [https://youtu.be/qstwyYlChQc ‎Youtube video]: "''Azolla is an excellent food supplement for backyard poultry. It is easy to grow and practically free of cost. It helps keep feathers shiny and improves their digestion. It is cooling and keeps their bones strong.

Rasmus: moved some sections, consolidation

2016-04-29T05:25:46Z

moved some sections, consolidation

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:25, 29 April 2016
Line 5:		Line 5:
	''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azolla_filiculoides "Azolla filiculoides"]'' is a small fern that floats on water and is thus similar to the more familiar [[duckweed]]. It is native to North, Central and South America. Given appropriate nutrient and other conditions, Azolla can grow rapidly. It is rich in protein and minerals and can be used as animal fodder or for human consumption. While Azolla is not itself a nitrogen-fixing organism, it lives in symbiosis with certain cyanobacteria such as ''(Anabaena azollae)'' that fix nitrogen. Azolla may grow on somewhat brackish water, which expands the number of possible locations and uses.		''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azolla_filiculoides "Azolla filiculoides"]'' is a small fern that floats on water and is thus similar to the more familiar [[duckweed]]. It is native to North, Central and South America. Given appropriate nutrient and other conditions, Azolla can grow rapidly. It is rich in protein and minerals and can be used as animal fodder or for human consumption. While Azolla is not itself a nitrogen-fixing organism, it lives in symbiosis with certain cyanobacteria such as ''(Anabaena azollae)'' that fix nitrogen. Azolla may grow on somewhat brackish water, which expands the number of possible locations and uses.

	==~~Organizations==~~		==Growth Characteristics==
	*Azolla Foundation - [http://theazollafoundation.org/azolla/azollas-geographic-distribution/]
	*Garden Pool Group sells it - [http://gardenpool.org/online-classes/how-to-grow-duckweed-and-azolla]
	*Azolla Consortium - [http://lpp-foundation.nl/azolla/]

	~~==Yields~~==
	*"200 g per square meter" per day - [http://theazollafoundation.org/growing-azolla/cultivation-of-azolla-as-a-livestock-feed/]		*"200 g per square meter" per day - [http://theazollafoundation.org/growing-azolla/cultivation-of-azolla-as-a-livestock-feed/]
	*Dry weight percent - 5% - [https://books.google.com/books?id=VmFNJ5XvvVwC&pg=PA75&lpg=PA75&dq=water+content+of+azolla&source=bl&ots=GXzrNTy101&sig=m_dx83-ZhUiHFEARq-zPXsdxw24&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBGoVChMIpZbro-6iyAIVAV0eCh3HCwxB#v=onepage&q=water%20content%20of%20azolla&f=false]		*Dry weight percent - 5% - [https://books.google.com/books?id=VmFNJ5XvvVwC&pg=PA75&lpg=PA75&dq=water+content+of+azolla&source=bl&ots=GXzrNTy101&sig=m_dx83-ZhUiHFEARq-zPXsdxw24&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBGoVChMIpZbro-6iyAIVAV0eCh3HCwxB#v=onepage&q=water%20content%20of%20azolla&f=false]
			*Optimum temperature range for Azolla growth has been shown to be between 18 and 28°C.
	~~==Duckweed and Azolla Towers==~~
	*~~Minute 14:06 at http://gardenpool.org/online-classes/how-to-grow-duckweed-and-azolla~~

	==Azolla ~~as the better microalgae farming==~~
	~~There~~ has been ~~long-standing hype about microalgae farming. In the 1950s, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorella Chlorella] was supposed~~ to be the next thing that would solve all food and health problems. We have talked quite a bit here at OSE about [[Spirulina]], but it requires highly alkaline water and needs specific chemical inputs ($) while Azolla grows on fish pond wastewater, compost leachate, silage leachate, etc.

	Other microalgal organisms in this field besides Spirulina (which is the most widely cultivated one with an established market) are Chlorella (popular in Asia), Dunaliella (thrives in salty water), Haematococcus (for astaxanthin pigment), Schizochytrium (for DHA), Aphanizomenon, Botryococcus braunii (biofuel), Nannochloropsis (biofuel and omega-3). Being microalgae, these are all more difficult to harvest than larger organisms. Azolla is very easy to harvest. Azolla exists in symbiosis with the microalga [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabaena Anabaena]. So there we have it, our microalgae, just better.

	[[File:Azolla_chicken_feed.jpg ‎\|480px\|thumb\|right\|"Azolla as chicken food." (image from [https://youtu.be/qstwyYlChQc ‎Youtube video]: "''Azolla is an excellent food supplement for backyard poultry. It is easy to grow and practically free of cost. It helps keep feathers shiny and improves their digestion. It is cooling and keeps their bones strong.		[[File:Azolla_chicken_feed.jpg ‎\|480px\|thumb\|right\|"Azolla as chicken food." (image from [https://youtu.be/qstwyYlChQc ‎Youtube video]: "''Azolla is an excellent food supplement for backyard poultry. It is easy to grow and practically free of cost. It helps keep feathers shiny and improves their digestion. It is cooling and keeps their bones strong.
Line 26:		Line 14:
	This is a nice backyard type of business activity to generate employment and income for small and marginal farmers, housewives, unemployed youth, bored teenagers, enterprising people as well as organic farmers, health fanatics etc."'' )]]		This is a nice backyard type of business activity to generate employment and income for small and marginal farmers, housewives, unemployed youth, bored teenagers, enterprising people as well as organic farmers, health fanatics etc."'' )]]

	==Uses==		==Uses and Product Ecology==
	*animal fodder: cows, chickens, fish, pigs, goats, etc.		*animal fodder: cows, chickens, fish, pigs, goats, etc.
	*for human consumption: salad; powder		*for human consumption: salad; powder
Line 33:		Line 21:
	*wastewater treatment		*wastewater treatment
	*initial soil [[biomining]] for nutrients: phosphorus and potassium from subsoil / mud, for subsequent use in agriculture		*initial soil [[biomining]] for nutrients: phosphorus and potassium from subsoil / mud, for subsequent use in agriculture
			*Product Ecology: Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]]): grow azolla on wastewater
			*Product Ecology: [[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)

	==Azolla Biodiesel==		==Azolla Biodiesel==
	Because of its high oil content, Azolla may be a potential feedstock for [[biodiesel]] production. A recent open access paper analyzed the: [http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9665-3 "Lipid Yield and Composition of Azolla filiculoides and the Implications for Biodiesel Production"]. Another publication: [http://www.ajol.info/index.php/tjpr/article/view/107718 "Biodiesel Production from Azolla filiculoides"].		Because of its high oil content, Azolla may be a potential feedstock for [[biodiesel]] production. A recent open access paper analyzed the: [http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9665-3 "Lipid Yield and Composition of Azolla filiculoides and the Implications for Biodiesel Production"]. Another publication: [http://www.ajol.info/index.php/tjpr/article/view/107718 "Biodiesel Production from Azolla filiculoides"].

			==Azolla as the better microalgae farming==
			There has been long-standing hype about microalgae farming. In the 1950s, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorella Chlorella] was supposed to be the next thing that would solve all food and health problems. We have talked quite a bit here at OSE about [[Spirulina]], but it requires highly alkaline water and needs specific chemical inputs ($) while Azolla grows on fish pond wastewater, compost leachate, silage leachate, etc.

			Other microalgal organisms in this field besides Spirulina (which is the most widely cultivated one with an established market) are Chlorella (popular in Asia), Dunaliella (thrives in salty water), Haematococcus (for astaxanthin pigment), Schizochytrium (for DHA), Aphanizomenon, Botryococcus braunii (biofuel), Nannochloropsis (biofuel and omega-3). Being microalgae, these are all more difficult to harvest than larger organisms. Azolla is very easy to harvest. Azolla exists in symbiosis with the microalga [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabaena Anabaena]. So there we have it, our microalgae, just better.

	==Videos==		==Videos==
	* [https://youtu.be/UaiA3BE9mQ4 "Cultivation of Azolla as a sustainable feed for livestock"] - ~~From~~ India and all in Telugu but good footage ~~anyway~~: azolla as feed for cows, chickens, pigs, goats, fish, etc.		* [https://youtu.be/UaiA3BE9mQ4 "Cultivation of Azolla as a sustainable feed for livestock"] - from India and all in Telugu but good footage: azolla as feed for cows, chickens, pigs, goats, fish, etc.
	* [https://youtu.be/m6Gh8ySjZag "Azolla cultivation for cattle feed"] also from India		* [https://youtu.be/m6Gh8ySjZag "Azolla cultivation for cattle feed"], also from India
	* [https://youtu.be/n8ZkmQTWTeo "The Azolla Project at Colorado State University"]		* [https://youtu.be/n8ZkmQTWTeo "The Azolla Project at Colorado State University"]
	* [https://youtu.be/O34gTsxyDq8 "Project Azolla: from floating fern to renewable resource"] (good overview about a project at the University of Utrecht)		* [https://youtu.be/O34gTsxyDq8 "Project Azolla: from floating fern to renewable resource"] (good overview about a project at the University of Utrecht)
			*[[Duckweed]] and Azolla towers: Minute 14:06 at http://gardenpool.org/online-classes/how-to-grow-duckweed-and-azolla

	==~~Related Pages / Product Ecology ==~~		==Organizations==
	*Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]]): grow azolla on wastewater		*Azolla Foundation - [http://theazollafoundation.org/azolla/azollas-geographic-distribution/]
	*[[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)		*Garden Pool Group sells it - [http://gardenpool.org/online-classes/how-to-grow-duckweed-and-azolla]
			*Azolla Consortium - [http://lpp-foundation.nl/azolla/]
	~~==Links~~==
	*[http://~~www~~.~~folkecenter.net~~/gb/~~rd/biogas/technologies/water~~-~~for~~-~~life/azolla~~/ ~~Nordic Folkecenter: "The Azolla Plant"~~]
	* ~~Wikipedia:~~ [~~https~~://~~en.wikipedia~~.org/~~wiki~~/~~Azolla_filiculoides "Azolla filiculoides"~~]
	* ~~MicrobeWiki: [https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena_azollae Anabaena azollae]~~
	*Dave's Garden (Blog): [http://~~davesgarden~~.~~com~~/~~guides/articles/view/1150~~/~~#b "Time for a look at a little plant with a big future"~~]

	==Sources==		==Sources==
Line 59:		Line 50:
	*Pond Plants Online - [http://pondplantsonline.com/azolla-azolla-caroliniana.html]		*Pond Plants Online - [http://pondplantsonline.com/azolla-azolla-caroliniana.html]
	*Pond Plants R Us - [http://www.pondplantsrus.com/azolla.html]		*Pond Plants R Us - [http://www.pondplantsrus.com/azolla.html]

			==Links==
			*[http://www.folkecenter.net/gb/rd/biogas/technologies/water-for-life/azolla/ Nordic Folkecenter: "The Azolla Plant"]
			* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azolla_filiculoides "Azolla filiculoides"]
			* MicrobeWiki: [https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena_azollae Anabaena azollae]
			*Dave's Garden (Blog): [http://davesgarden.com/guides/articles/view/1150/#b "Time for a look at a little plant with a big future"]

	[[Category:Food and Agriculture]]		[[Category:Food and Agriculture]]
	[[Category:Biofuel]]		[[Category:Biofuel]]

Rasmus: /* Related Pages / Product Ecology */

2016-04-28T13:30:40Z

Related Pages / Product Ecology

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:30, 28 April 2016
Line 44:		Line 44:

	==Related Pages / Product Ecology ==		==Related Pages / Product Ecology ==
	*Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]])		*Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]]): grow azolla on wastewater
	*[[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)		*[[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)

	==Links==		==Links==

Rasmus at 11:58, 28 April 2016

2016-04-28T11:58:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:58, 28 April 2016
Line 3:		Line 3:

	==What is it?==		==What is it?==
	''Azolla filiculoides'' is a small fern that floats on water similar to [[duckweed]]. It is native to North, Central and South America. Given appropriate nutrient and other conditions, Azolla can grow rapidly. It is rich in protein and minerals and can be used as animal fodder or for human consumption. While Azolla is not itself a nitrogen-fixing organism, it lives in symbiosis with certain cyanobacteria ''(Anabaena azollae)'' that fix nitrogen.		''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azolla_filiculoides "Azolla filiculoides"]'' is a small fern that floats on water and is thus similar to the more familiar [[duckweed]]. It is native to North, Central and South America. Given appropriate nutrient and other conditions, Azolla can grow rapidly. It is rich in protein and minerals and can be used as animal fodder or for human consumption. While Azolla is not itself a nitrogen-fixing organism, it lives in symbiosis with certain cyanobacteria such as ''(Anabaena azollae)'' that fix nitrogen. Azolla may grow on somewhat brackish water, which expands the number of possible locations and uses.

	==Organizations==		==Organizations==
Line 17:		Line 17:
	*Minute 14:06 at http://gardenpool.org/online-classes/how-to-grow-duckweed-and-azolla		*Minute 14:06 at http://gardenpool.org/online-classes/how-to-grow-duckweed-and-azolla

	==Azolla as the ~~much~~ better microalgae farming==		==Azolla as the better microalgae farming==
	There ~~is a lot of~~ hype about ~~algae~~ farming~~, the next thing! This has been going on for a very long time~~. In the 1950s, Chlorella was supposed to be the next thing that would solve all food and health problems. We have talked quite a bit here at OSE about [[Spirulina]], but it requires highly alkaline water and needs specific chemical inputs ($) while Azolla grows on fish pond wastewater, compost leachate, silage leachate, etc.		There has been long-standing hype about microalgae farming. In the 1950s, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorella Chlorella] was supposed to be the next thing that would solve all food and health problems. We have talked quite a bit here at OSE about [[Spirulina]], but it requires highly alkaline water and needs specific chemical inputs ($) while Azolla grows on fish pond wastewater, compost leachate, silage leachate, etc.

	Other microalgal organisms in this field besides Spirulina (which is the most widely cultivated one, an established ~~product~~) are Chlorella (popular in Asia), Dunaliella (thrives in salty water), Haematococcus (for astaxanthin pigment), Schizochytrium (for DHA), Aphanizomenon, Botryococcus braunii (biofuel), Nannochloropsis (biofuel and omega-3). Being microalgae, these are all more difficult to harvest than larger organisms. Azolla is very easy to harvest. Azolla exists in symbiosis with the microalga Anabaena. So there we have it, our microalgae, just better.		Other microalgal organisms in this field besides Spirulina (which is the most widely cultivated one with an established market) are Chlorella (popular in Asia), Dunaliella (thrives in salty water), Haematococcus (for astaxanthin pigment), Schizochytrium (for DHA), Aphanizomenon, Botryococcus braunii (biofuel), Nannochloropsis (biofuel and omega-3). Being microalgae, these are all more difficult to harvest than larger organisms. Azolla is very easy to harvest. Azolla exists in symbiosis with the microalga [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabaena Anabaena]. So there we have it, our microalgae, just better.

	[[File:Azolla_chicken_feed.jpg ‎\|480px\|thumb\|right\|"Azolla as chicken food." (image from [https://youtu.be/qstwyYlChQc ‎Youtube video]: "''Azolla is an excellent food supplement for backyard poultry. It is easy to grow and practically free of cost. It helps keep feathers shiny and improves their digestion. It is cooling and keeps their bones strong.		[[File:Azolla_chicken_feed.jpg ‎\|480px\|thumb\|right\|"Azolla as chicken food." (image from [https://youtu.be/qstwyYlChQc ‎Youtube video]: "''Azolla is an excellent food supplement for backyard poultry. It is easy to grow and practically free of cost. It helps keep feathers shiny and improves their digestion. It is cooling and keeps their bones strong.

	This is a nice backyard type of business activity to generate employment and income for small and marginal farmers, housewives, unemployed youth, bored teenagers, enterprising people as well as organic farmers, health fanatics etc."'' )]]		This is a nice backyard type of business activity to generate employment and income for small and marginal farmers, housewives, unemployed youth, bored teenagers, enterprising people as well as organic farmers, health fanatics etc."'' )]]

	~~==Brackish Water==~~
	~~Azolla may grow on somewhat brackish water.~~

	==Uses==		==Uses==
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	* [https://youtu.be/n8ZkmQTWTeo "The Azolla Project at Colorado State University"]		* [https://youtu.be/n8ZkmQTWTeo "The Azolla Project at Colorado State University"]
	* [https://youtu.be/O34gTsxyDq8 "Project Azolla: from floating fern to renewable resource"] (good overview about a project at the University of Utrecht)		* [https://youtu.be/O34gTsxyDq8 "Project Azolla: from floating fern to renewable resource"] (good overview about a project at the University of Utrecht)

			==Related Pages / Product Ecology ==
			*Integrate with [[Aquaponics]] system (e.g. [[Tilapia]])
			*[[Ferrocement]] as pond lining (expensive but durable)

	==Links==		==Links==
	*[http://www.folkecenter.net/gb/rd/biogas/technologies/water-for-life/azolla/ Nordic Folkecenter: "The Azolla Plant"]		*[http://www.folkecenter.net/gb/rd/biogas/technologies/water-for-life/azolla/ Nordic Folkecenter: "The Azolla Plant"]
	* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azolla_filiculoides "Azolla filiculoides"]		* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azolla_filiculoides "Azolla filiculoides"]
			* MicrobeWiki: [https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena_azollae Anabaena azollae]
	*Dave's Garden (Blog): [http://davesgarden.com/guides/articles/view/1150/#b "Time for a look at a little plant with a big future"]		*Dave's Garden (Blog): [http://davesgarden.com/guides/articles/view/1150/#b "Time for a look at a little plant with a big future"]

Rasmus at 11:25, 28 April 2016

2016-04-28T11:25:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:25, 28 April 2016
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	This is a nice backyard type of business activity to generate employment and income for small and marginal farmers, housewives, unemployed youth, bored teenagers, enterprising people as well as organic farmers, health fanatics etc."'' )]]		This is a nice backyard type of business activity to generate employment and income for small and marginal farmers, housewives, unemployed youth, bored teenagers, enterprising people as well as organic farmers, health fanatics etc."'' )]]

			==Brackish Water==
			Azolla may grow on somewhat brackish water.

	==Uses==		==Uses==
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	==Videos==		==Videos==
	* ''"Cultivation of Azolla as a sustainable feed for livestock"~~'' (from~~ India and ~~unfortunately~~ in Telugu but good footage anyway): ~~Azolla~~ as feed for cows, chickens, pigs, goats, fish, etc. https://youtu.be/~~UaiA3BE9mQ4~~		* [https://youtu.be/UaiA3BE9mQ4 "Cultivation of Azolla as a sustainable feed for livestock"] - From India and all in Telugu but good footage anyway: azolla as feed for cows, chickens, pigs, goats, fish, etc.
	* ''"Azolla cultivation for cattle feed"'' also from India: https://youtu.be/~~m6Gh8ySjZag~~		* [https://youtu.be/m6Gh8ySjZag "Azolla cultivation for cattle feed"] also from India
	* ''"~~PROJECT AZOLLA~~ : ~~From~~ floating fern to renewable resource"'' (good overview about a project at the University of Utrecht) ~~https://youtu.be/O34gTsxyDq8~~		* [https://youtu.be/n8ZkmQTWTeo "The Azolla Project at Colorado State University"]
			* [https://youtu.be/O34gTsxyDq8 "Project Azolla: from floating fern to renewable resource"] (good overview about a project at the University of Utrecht)

	==Links==		==Links==