Embodied Energy of PV - Revision history

Marcin: /* Embodied Energy of PV */

2026-03-22T09:08:17Z

Embodied Energy of PV

Marcin at 08:49, 22 March 2026

2026-03-22T08:49:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:49, 22 March 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	*~~{{x}}200Whr/~~Watt [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%3A1747104953494&ei=ubQiaMj2HangwN4P1avPsAk&ved=0ahUKEwiIt42RuZ-NAxUpMNAFHdXVE5YQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAaAhgCIjxIb3cgbXVjaCBlbmVyZ3kgZG9lcyBpdCB0YWtlIHRvIG1ha2UgMSB3YXR0IG9mIHNvbGFyIHBhbmVscz8yBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAFI4XpQ2xdY83hwDXgBkAEAmAGKAaAB9ieqAQQ1Ny43uAEDyAEA-AEBmAJNoALZKsICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAgoQIxiABBgnGIoFwgIEECMYJ8ICCxAAGIAEGJECGIoFwgIOEC4YgAQYsQMY0QMYxwHCAgsQLhiABBjRAxjHAcICCBAAGIAEGLEDwgIKEAAYgAQYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEwgILEAAYgAQYsQMYgwHCAg0QABiABBhDGMkDGIoFwgILEAAYgAQYkgMYigXCAgoQABiABBgUGIcCwgILEC4YgAQYsQMY1ALCAgcQABiABBgKwgIKEC4YgAQY1AIYCsICBxAjGLECGCfCAgoQABiABBixAxgKwgIQEAAYgAQYsQMYgwEYFBiHAsICBhAAGBYYHsICCBAAGBYYChgewgIFEAAY7wXCAgsQABiABBiGAxiKBcICBRAhGKsCwgIIECEYoAEYiwOYAwCIBgGQBgiSBwU2Ny4xMKAH6-gDsgcFNTQuMTC4B5gqwgcHMC4xNi42McgHrwI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp]. ~~Cannot reproduce 200Wh/Watt~~		*How much energy required to make a Watt of PV? [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%3A1747104953494&ei=ubQiaMj2HangwN4P1avPsAk&ved=0ahUKEwiIt42RuZ-NAxUpMNAFHdXVE5YQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAaAhgCIjxIb3cgbXVjaCBlbmVyZ3kgZG9lcyBpdCB0YWtlIHRvIG1ha2UgMSB3YXR0IG9mIHNvbGFyIHBhbmVscz8yBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAFI4XpQ2xdY83hwDXgBkAEAmAGKAaAB9ieqAQQ1Ny43uAEDyAEA-AEBmAJNoALZKsICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAgoQIxiABBgnGIoFwgIEECMYJ8ICCxAAGIAEGJECGIoFwgIOEC4YgAQYsQMY0QMYxwHCAgsQLhiABBjRAxjHAcICCBAAGIAEGLEDwgIKEAAYgAQYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEwgILEAAYgAQYsQMYgwHCAg0QABiABBhDGMkDGIoFwgILEAAYgAQYkgMYigXCAgoQABiABBgUGIcCwgILEC4YgAQYsQMY1ALCAgcQABiABBgKwgIKEC4YgAQY1AIYCsICBxAjGLECGCfCAgoQABiABBixAxgKwgIQEAAYgAQYsQMYgwEYFBiHAsICBhAAGBYYHsICCBAAGBYYChgewgIFEAAY7wXCAgsQABiABBiGAxiKBcICBRAhGKsCwgIIECEYoAEYiwOYAwCIBgGQBgiSBwU2Ny4xMKAH6-gDsgcFNTQuMTC4B5gqwgcHMC4xNi42McgHrwI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp].
	*{{check}}Fraunhofer study - 1 year payback time, meaning 20x energy EROI over 20 years. [https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ise/de/documents/publications/studies/Photovoltaics-Report.pdf]		*{{check}}Fraunhofer study - 1 year payback time, meaning 20x energy EROI over 20 years. [https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ise/de/documents/publications/studies/Photovoltaics-Report.pdf]

			=Embodied Energy of PV=
			{\| class="wikitable sortable"
			! Component !! Description !! Typical Embodied Energy Share (% of module)
			\|-
			\| Silicon Feedstock & Ingot \|\| Quartz → polysilicon → crystal growth (Czochralski or similar) \|\| 25–40%
			\|-
			\| Wafering \|\| Slicing ingots into wafers (kerf loss, sawing energy) \|\| 10–20%
			\|-
			\| Cell Processing \|\| Doping, diffusion, etching, deposition (PECVD), metallization \|\| 15–25%
			\|-
			\| Glass (Front Sheet) \|\| Tempered low-iron solar glass (~3–4 mm) \|\| 10–20%
			\|-
			\| Encapsulant (EVA/POE) \|\| Polymer layers for lamination \|\| 3–8%
			\|-
			\| Backsheet (or rear glass if bifacial) \|\| Polymer backsheet or second glass layer \|\| 3–10%
			\|-
			\| Aluminum Frame \|\| Extruded frame + finishing \|\| 5–15%
			\|-
			\| Junction Box & Wiring \|\| Diodes, copper wiring, connectors \|\| 2–5%
			\|-
			\| Module Assembly \|\| Lamination, curing, handling, factory overhead \|\| 3–8%
			\|-
			! Total !! \|\| ~100%
			\|}

			=For Upgraded Metallurgical Grade Silicon=

			About 30% lower overall energy requirement over standard PV.

			{\| class="wikitable sortable"
			! Component !! Description !! Typical Embodied Energy Share (% of module, UMG silicon)
			\|-
			\| Silicon Feedstock & Refining (UMG) \|\| Metallurgical silicon upgraded via slag refining / directional solidification (no Siemens process) \|\| 10–20%
			\|-
			\| Ingot Growth \|\| Crystal growth or casting (lower purity requirements than electronic-grade) \|\| 10–20%
			\|-
			\| Wafering \|\| Slicing or kerfless wafer production \|\| 10–20%
			\|-
			\| Cell Processing \|\| Doping, diffusion, passivation, metallization \|\| 20–30%
			\|-
			\| Glass (Front Sheet) \|\| Tempered low-iron solar glass (~3–4 mm) \|\| 15–25%
			\|-
			\| Encapsulant (EVA/POE) \|\| Polymer layers for lamination \|\| 5–10%
			\|-
			\| Backsheet / Rear Glass \|\| Polymer backsheet or second glass layer (bifacial increases share) \|\| 5–15%
			\|-
			\| Aluminum Frame \|\| Extruded frame + finishing \|\| 8–18%
			\|-
			\| Junction Box & Wiring \|\| Diodes, copper wiring, connectors \|\| 2–5%
			\|-
			\| Module Assembly \|\| Lamination, curing, factory overhead \|\| 5–10%
			\|-
			! Total !! \|\| ~100%
			\|}

Marcin at 19:37, 26 May 2025

2025-05-26T19:37:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:37, 26 May 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
	*200Whr/Watt [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%3A1747104953494&ei=ubQiaMj2HangwN4P1avPsAk&ved=0ahUKEwiIt42RuZ-NAxUpMNAFHdXVE5YQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAaAhgCIjxIb3cgbXVjaCBlbmVyZ3kgZG9lcyBpdCB0YWtlIHRvIG1ha2UgMSB3YXR0IG9mIHNvbGFyIHBhbmVscz8yBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAFI4XpQ2xdY83hwDXgBkAEAmAGKAaAB9ieqAQQ1Ny43uAEDyAEA-AEBmAJNoALZKsICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAgoQIxiABBgnGIoFwgIEECMYJ8ICCxAAGIAEGJECGIoFwgIOEC4YgAQYsQMY0QMYxwHCAgsQLhiABBjRAxjHAcICCBAAGIAEGLEDwgIKEAAYgAQYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEwgILEAAYgAQYsQMYgwHCAg0QABiABBhDGMkDGIoFwgILEAAYgAQYkgMYigXCAgoQABiABBgUGIcCwgILEC4YgAQYsQMY1ALCAgcQABiABBgKwgIKEC4YgAQY1AIYCsICBxAjGLECGCfCAgoQABiABBixAxgKwgIQEAAYgAQYsQMYgwEYFBiHAsICBhAAGBYYHsICCBAAGBYYChgewgIFEAAY7wXCAgsQABiABBiGAxiKBcICBRAhGKsCwgIIECEYoAEYiwOYAwCIBgGQBgiSBwU2Ny4xMKAH6-gDsgcFNTQuMTC4B5gqwgcHMC4xNi42McgHrwI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp]		*{{x}}200Whr/Watt [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%3A1747104953494&ei=ubQiaMj2HangwN4P1avPsAk&ved=0ahUKEwiIt42RuZ-NAxUpMNAFHdXVE5YQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAaAhgCIjxIb3cgbXVjaCBlbmVyZ3kgZG9lcyBpdCB0YWtlIHRvIG1ha2UgMSB3YXR0IG9mIHNvbGFyIHBhbmVscz8yBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAFI4XpQ2xdY83hwDXgBkAEAmAGKAaAB9ieqAQQ1Ny43uAEDyAEA-AEBmAJNoALZKsICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAgoQIxiABBgnGIoFwgIEECMYJ8ICCxAAGIAEGJECGIoFwgIOEC4YgAQYsQMY0QMYxwHCAgsQLhiABBjRAxjHAcICCBAAGIAEGLEDwgIKEAAYgAQYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEwgILEAAYgAQYsQMYgwHCAg0QABiABBhDGMkDGIoFwgILEAAYgAQYkgMYigXCAgoQABiABBgUGIcCwgILEC4YgAQYsQMY1ALCAgcQABiABBgKwgIKEC4YgAQY1AIYCsICBxAjGLECGCfCAgoQABiABBixAxgKwgIQEAAYgAQYsQMYgwEYFBiHAsICBhAAGBYYHsICCBAAGBYYChgewgIFEAAY7wXCAgsQABiABBiGAxiKBcICBRAhGKsCwgIIECEYoAEYiwOYAwCIBgGQBgiSBwU2Ny4xMKAH6-gDsgcFNTQuMTC4B5gqwgcHMC4xNi42McgHrwI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp]. Cannot reproduce 200Wh/Watt
	*{{check}}~~In other words~~, ~~it takes one month for~~ energy ~~payback of PV~~.		*{{check}}Fraunhofer study - 1 year payback time, meaning 20x energy EROI over 20 years. [https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ise/de/documents/publications/studies/Photovoltaics-Report.pdf]

Marcin at 02:59, 13 May 2025

2025-05-13T02:59:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:59, 13 May 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
	*200Whr/Watt [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%3A1747104953494&ei=ubQiaMj2HangwN4P1avPsAk&ved=0ahUKEwiIt42RuZ-NAxUpMNAFHdXVE5YQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAaAhgCIjxIb3cgbXVjaCBlbmVyZ3kgZG9lcyBpdCB0YWtlIHRvIG1ha2UgMSB3YXR0IG9mIHNvbGFyIHBhbmVscz8yBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAFI4XpQ2xdY83hwDXgBkAEAmAGKAaAB9ieqAQQ1Ny43uAEDyAEA-AEBmAJNoALZKsICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAgoQIxiABBgnGIoFwgIEECMYJ8ICCxAAGIAEGJECGIoFwgIOEC4YgAQYsQMY0QMYxwHCAgsQLhiABBjRAxjHAcICCBAAGIAEGLEDwgIKEAAYgAQYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEwgILEAAYgAQYsQMYgwHCAg0QABiABBhDGMkDGIoFwgILEAAYgAQYkgMYigXCAgoQABiABBgUGIcCwgILEC4YgAQYsQMY1ALCAgcQABiABBgKwgIKEC4YgAQY1AIYCsICBxAjGLECGCfCAgoQABiABBixAxgKwgIQEAAYgAQYsQMYgwEYFBiHAsICBhAAGBYYHsICCBAAGBYYChgewgIFEAAY7wXCAgsQABiABBiGAxiKBcICBRAhGKsCwgIIECEYoAEYiwOYAwCIBgGQBgiSBwU2Ny4xMKAH6-gDsgcFNTQuMTC4B5gqwgcHMC4xNi42McgHrwI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp]		*200Whr/Watt [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%3A1747104953494&ei=ubQiaMj2HangwN4P1avPsAk&ved=0ahUKEwiIt42RuZ-NAxUpMNAFHdXVE5YQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAaAhgCIjxIb3cgbXVjaCBlbmVyZ3kgZG9lcyBpdCB0YWtlIHRvIG1ha2UgMSB3YXR0IG9mIHNvbGFyIHBhbmVscz8yBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAFI4XpQ2xdY83hwDXgBkAEAmAGKAaAB9ieqAQQ1Ny43uAEDyAEA-AEBmAJNoALZKsICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAgoQIxiABBgnGIoFwgIEECMYJ8ICCxAAGIAEGJECGIoFwgIOEC4YgAQYsQMY0QMYxwHCAgsQLhiABBjRAxjHAcICCBAAGIAEGLEDwgIKEAAYgAQYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEwgILEAAYgAQYsQMYgwHCAg0QABiABBhDGMkDGIoFwgILEAAYgAQYkgMYigXCAgoQABiABBgUGIcCwgILEC4YgAQYsQMY1ALCAgcQABiABBgKwgIKEC4YgAQY1AIYCsICBxAjGLECGCfCAgoQABiABBixAxgKwgIQEAAYgAQYsQMYgwEYFBiHAsICBhAAGBYYHsICCBAAGBYYChgewgIFEAAY7wXCAgsQABiABBiGAxiKBcICBRAhGKsCwgIIECEYoAEYiwOYAwCIBgGQBgiSBwU2Ny4xMKAH6-gDsgcFNTQuMTC4B5gqwgcHMC4xNi42McgHrwI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp]
	*{{check}In other words, it takes one month for energy payback of PV.		*{{check}}In other words, it takes one month for energy payback of PV.

Marcin: Created page with "*200Whr/Watt [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%..."

2025-05-13T02:59:05Z

Created page with "*200Whr/Watt [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%..."

New page

*200Whr/Watt [https://www.google.com/search?q=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&sca_esv=e220491a6dd7fa54&sxsrf=AHTn8zoYLWKocNZC-PE_8aFjyDv-a_m13Q%3A1747104953494&ei=ubQiaMj2HangwN4P1avPsAk&ved=0ahUKEwiIt42RuZ-NAxUpMNAFHdXVE5YQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=How+much+energy+does+it+take+to+make+1+watt+of+solar+panels%3F&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAaAhgCIjxIb3cgbXVjaCBlbmVyZ3kgZG9lcyBpdCB0YWtlIHRvIG1ha2UgMSB3YXR0IG9mIHNvbGFyIHBhbmVscz8yBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAFI4XpQ2xdY83hwDXgBkAEAmAGKAaAB9ieqAQQ1Ny43uAEDyAEA-AEBmAJNoALZKsICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAgoQIxiABBgnGIoFwgIEECMYJ8ICCxAAGIAEGJECGIoFwgIOEC4YgAQYsQMY0QMYxwHCAgsQLhiABBjRAxjHAcICCBAAGIAEGLEDwgIKEAAYgAQYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEwgILEAAYgAQYsQMYgwHCAg0QABiABBhDGMkDGIoFwgILEAAYgAQYkgMYigXCAgoQABiABBgUGIcCwgILEC4YgAQYsQMY1ALCAgcQABiABBgKwgIKEC4YgAQY1AIYCsICBxAjGLECGCfCAgoQABiABBixAxgKwgIQEAAYgAQYsQMYgwEYFBiHAsICBhAAGBYYHsICCBAAGBYYChgewgIFEAAY7wXCAgsQABiABBiGAxiKBcICBRAhGKsCwgIIECEYoAEYiwOYAwCIBgGQBgiSBwU2Ny4xMKAH6-gDsgcFNTQuMTC4B5gqwgcHMC4xNi42McgHrwI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp]
*{{check}In other words, it takes one month for energy payback of PV.

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:08, 22 March 2026
Line 4:		Line 4:
	=Embodied Energy of PV=		=Embodied Energy of PV=
	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
	! Component !! Description !! Typical Embodied Energy Share (% of module)		! Component !! Description !! Typical Embodied Energy Share (% of module) !! Approx. Material Weight Required per 1 MW of Finished PV Panel
	\|-		\|-
	\| Silicon Feedstock & Ingot \|\| Quartz → polysilicon → crystal growth (Czochralski or similar) \|\| 25–40%		\| Silicon Feedstock & Ingot \|\| Quartz → polysilicon → crystal growth (Czochralski or similar) \|\| 25–40% \|\| ~1.3–1.6 t silicon in finished modules ''(upstream feedstock needed is 30% higher after kerf/yield losses)''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Wafering \|\| Slicing ingots into wafers (kerf loss, sawing energy) \|\| 10–20%		\| Wafering \|\| Slicing ingots into wafers (kerf loss, sawing energy) \|\| 10–20% \|\| N/A — process step, not a distinct added bulk material
	\|-		\|-
	\| Cell Processing \|\| Doping, diffusion, etching, deposition (PECVD), metallization \|\| 15–25%		\| Cell Processing \|\| Doping, diffusion, etching, deposition (PECVD), metallization \|\| 15–25% \|\| N/A — process step, not a distinct added bulk material; added metallization mass is small relative to module mass
	\|-		\|-
	\| Glass (Front Sheet) \|\| Tempered low-iron solar glass (~3–4 mm) \|\| 10–20%		\| Glass (Front Sheet) \|\| Tempered low-iron solar glass (~3–4 mm) \|\| 10–20% \|\| ~31–39 t
	\|-		\|-
	\| Encapsulant (EVA/POE) \|\| Polymer layers for lamination \|\| 3–8%		\| Encapsulant (EVA/POE) \|\| Polymer layers for lamination \|\| 3–8% \|\| ~3.1–3.9 t
	\|-		\|-
	\| Backsheet (or rear glass if bifacial) \|\| Polymer backsheet or second glass layer \|\| 3–10%		\| Backsheet (or rear glass if bifacial) \|\| Polymer backsheet or second glass layer \|\| 3–10% \|\| ~1.7–2.1 t for polymer backsheet modules; much higher for glass-glass modules
	\|-		\|-
	\| Aluminum Frame \|\| Extruded frame + finishing \|\| 5–15%		\| Aluminum Frame \|\| Extruded frame + finishing \|\| 5–15% \|\| ~5.9–7.4 t
	\|-		\|-
	\| Junction Box & Wiring \|\| Diodes, copper wiring, connectors \|\| 2–5%		\| Junction Box & Wiring \|\| Diodes, copper wiring, connectors \|\| 2–5% \|\| ~2.0–2.5 t ''(junction box polymers, silicones, copper interconnects, cables, solder, diodes combined)''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Module Assembly \|\| Lamination, curing, handling, factory overhead \|\| 3–8%		\| Module Assembly \|\| Lamination, curing, handling, factory overhead \|\| 3–8% \|\| N/A — assembly step, not a distinct bulk material
	\|-		\|-
	! Total !! \|\| ~100%		! Total !! \|\| ~100% \|\| ~46–58 t of finished module mass per MW
	\|}		\|}