Fermentor/Research Development - Revision history

Rasmus: inserted image

2016-08-20T23:47:05Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 23:47, 20 August 2016
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	=Literature review=		=Literature review=

			[[File:Real life bioreactor.png\|thumb\|right\|500px\|A schematic of a bioreactor as how it works in real life. Note that it may be possible that some bioreactors are also capable of controlling the motor for the agitation, based on the data from the sensors. Some valves are not shown. The steam seems to be used to prevent contamination in/from inlet/outlet pipes.]]

	===Dialysis Fermentor Systems for Concentrated Culture of Microorganisms===		===Dialysis Fermentor Systems for Concentrated Culture of Microorganisms===

Poli at 19:06, 16 January 2013

2013-01-16T19:06:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:06, 16 January 2013
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	=Literature review=		=Literature review=

			===Dialysis Fermentor Systems for Concentrated Culture of Microorganisms===
	[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1058040/pdf/applmicro00350-0046.pdf Dialysis Fermentor Systems for Concentrated Culture of Microorganisms] by Gallup and Gerhardt (1963) describes a fermentor connected to a dialysis unit that allowed extremely high cell density and other favorable features. The semipermeable membrane was made of regenerated [[cellulose]] and held taut in a frame in a separate chamber.. Feeding could be conducted by exchange at the membrane. Extremely high cell density was achieved with the ''Serratia marcescens'' culture. When a reservoir chamber was used to with dialysis tubing a second phase to the growth phase was introduced. Addition of polyethylene glycol can drive the water from a culture and cause them to flocculate (and can clog a machine).		[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1058040/pdf/applmicro00350-0046.pdf Dialysis Fermentor Systems for Concentrated Culture of Microorganisms] by Gallup and Gerhardt (1963) describes a fermentor connected to a dialysis unit that allowed extremely high cell density and other favorable features. The semipermeable membrane was made of regenerated [[cellulose]] and held taut in a frame in a separate chamber.. Feeding could be conducted by exchange at the membrane. Extremely high cell density was achieved with the ''Serratia marcescens'' culture. When a reservoir chamber was used to with dialysis tubing a second phase to the growth phase was introduced. Addition of polyethylene glycol can drive the water from a culture and cause them to flocculate (and can clog a machine).

			===Low-Cost Microbioreactor for High-Throughput Bioprocessing===
	[http://openwetware.org/images/b/b7/DanKostovMicrobioreator.pdf Low-Cost Microbioreactor for High-Throughput Bioprocessing] by Kostov et al (2000) details a design for a 2 ml microbioreactor and an optical system to detect the pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and optical density (OD600, OD). The behavior of the microreactor was compared with a standard laboratory grade 1 liter bioreactor.		[http://openwetware.org/images/b/b7/DanKostovMicrobioreator.pdf Low-Cost Microbioreactor for High-Throughput Bioprocessing] by Kostov et al (2000) details a design for a 2 ml microbioreactor and an optical system to detect the pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and optical density (OD600, OD). The behavior of the microreactor was compared with a standard laboratory grade 1 liter bioreactor.

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	Optical density was measured with a red ultra-bright led and a photodetector (PIN photodiode coupled to transimpedance amplifier) with an interference filter at 600 ± 5 nm. Output measurements were measured from the analog to digital converter board. The OD measurements are not linear to Beer's law and accurate measurements up to OD 9 are possible.		Optical density was measured with a red ultra-bright led and a photodetector (PIN photodiode coupled to transimpedance amplifier) with an interference filter at 600 ± 5 nm. Output measurements were measured from the analog to digital converter board. The OD measurements are not linear to Beer's law and accurate measurements up to OD 9 are possible.

			===An automated home-built low-cost fermenter suitable for large-scale bacterial expression of proteins in Escherichia coli===
	[http://www.biotechniques.com/BiotechniquesJournal/2008/August/An-automated-home-built-low-cost-fermenter-suitable-for-large-scale-bacterial-expression-of-proteins-in-Escherichia-coli/biotechniques-45258.html An automated home-built low-cost fermenter suitable for large-scale bacterial expression of proteins in Escherichia coli] by Riek et al (2008) developed a fermentor from basic laboratory supplies for E. coli protein expression for a cost of $2250 based on new components. A 12 liter reservoir produced by Nalgene is placed in a temperature controlled water bath and agitation is supplied by an overhead stirrer. Filtered air is supplied to the reservoir after going through a heat exchanger in the water bath and exhaust is passed through a cold filter to recapture airborne bacteria. A pH measuring unit was connected to a control unit and triggered a peristaltic pump to deliver NaOH to the media to maintain neutral pH. The cell density (OD) was monitored manually but an automated pipet was loaded to add inducer solution at the desired OD of 10 (activates promoter of inserted protein gene; usually lac promoter and an inducer of IPTG Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside). Additional pumps were controlled by the control unit for the addition of glycerol (as a carbon source) and an antifoaming agent. The fermentor was successfully operated to produce a number of expressed proteins in yields 10X higher than standard shaking flasks.		[http://www.biotechniques.com/BiotechniquesJournal/2008/August/An-automated-home-built-low-cost-fermenter-suitable-for-large-scale-bacterial-expression-of-proteins-in-Escherichia-coli/biotechniques-45258.html An automated home-built low-cost fermenter suitable for large-scale bacterial expression of proteins in Escherichia coli] by Riek et al (2008) developed a fermentor from basic laboratory supplies for E. coli protein expression for a cost of $2250 based on new components. A 12 liter reservoir produced by Nalgene is placed in a temperature controlled water bath and agitation is supplied by an overhead stirrer. Filtered air is supplied to the reservoir after going through a heat exchanger in the water bath and exhaust is passed through a cold filter to recapture airborne bacteria. A pH measuring unit was connected to a control unit and triggered a peristaltic pump to deliver NaOH to the media to maintain neutral pH. The cell density (OD) was monitored manually but an automated pipet was loaded to add inducer solution at the desired OD of 10 (activates promoter of inserted protein gene; usually lac promoter and an inducer of IPTG Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside). Additional pumps were controlled by the control unit for the addition of glycerol (as a carbon source) and an antifoaming agent. The fermentor was successfully operated to produce a number of expressed proteins in yields 10X higher than standard shaking flasks.

Poli at 23:24, 14 January 2013

2013-01-14T23:24:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:24, 14 January 2013
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	http://chem.engr.utc.edu/ench435/2004/FromTablet/FILTER-AIDS.pdf		http://chem.engr.utc.edu/ench435/2004/FromTablet/FILTER-AIDS.pdf

			http://www.presens.de/fileadmin/user_upload/downloads/manuals/IM_SP-PSt3_PSt6_dv1.pdf

			http://web.mit.edu/biology/sinskey/www/Szita05.pdf

	=Industry Standard Review=		=Industry Standard Review=

Poli at 17:33, 28 July 2012

2012-07-28T17:33:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:33, 28 July 2012
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	http://chem.engr.utc.edu/ench435/2004/FromTablet/FILTER-AIDS.pdf		http://chem.engr.utc.edu/ench435/2004/FromTablet/FILTER-AIDS.pdf

			=Industry Standard Review=

			=Open Source Standards Review=

	=Open source projects=		=Open source projects=

Poli at 17:07, 28 July 2012

2012-07-28T17:07:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:07, 28 July 2012
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	=~~Fermentor design~~=		=Literature review=
	[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1058040/pdf/applmicro00350-0046.pdf Dialysis Fermentor Systems for Concentrated Culture of Microorganisms] by Gallup and Gerhardt (1963) describes a fermentor connected to a dialysis unit that allowed extremely high cell density and other favorable features. The semipermeable membrane was made of regenerated [[cellulose]] and held taut in a frame in a separate chamber.. Feeding could be conducted by exchange at the membrane. Extremely high cell density was achieved with the ''Serratia marcescens'' culture. When a reservoir chamber was used to with dialysis tubing a second phase to the growth phase was introduced. Addition of polyethylene glycol can drive the water from a culture and cause them to flocculate (and can clog a machine).		[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1058040/pdf/applmicro00350-0046.pdf Dialysis Fermentor Systems for Concentrated Culture of Microorganisms] by Gallup and Gerhardt (1963) describes a fermentor connected to a dialysis unit that allowed extremely high cell density and other favorable features. The semipermeable membrane was made of regenerated [[cellulose]] and held taut in a frame in a separate chamber.. Feeding could be conducted by exchange at the membrane. Extremely high cell density was achieved with the ''Serratia marcescens'' culture. When a reservoir chamber was used to with dialysis tubing a second phase to the growth phase was introduced. Addition of polyethylene glycol can drive the water from a culture and cause them to flocculate (and can clog a machine).

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	http://chem.engr.utc.edu/ench435/2004/FromTablet/FILTER-AIDS.pdf		http://chem.engr.utc.edu/ench435/2004/FromTablet/FILTER-AIDS.pdf

	Turbidostat

			=Open source projects=

			==Turbidostat==

	http://openwetware.org/wiki/Evolvinator		http://openwetware.org/wiki/Evolvinator

	~~=Blogged fermentor builds=~~		==Temperature controller==

	==Temperature ~~controllers~~==
	http://fermentationriot.com/arduinopid.php		http://fermentationriot.com/arduinopid.php

Poli: /* Blogged fermentor builds */

2012-07-28T17:06:44Z

Blogged fermentor builds

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:06, 28 July 2012
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	http://www.instructables.com/id/Waterproof-a-LM35-Temperature-Sensor/		http://www.instructables.com/id/Waterproof-a-LM35-Temperature-Sensor/

			==pH sensors==

			http://code.google.com/p/phduino/ Currently active project. Designed circuitry and arduino program code for measurements of pH using a glass electrode.

			http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed072p1135

	==Brewing fermentors==		==Brewing fermentors==

Poli: /* Temperature controllers */

2012-07-28T14:08:31Z

Temperature controllers

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:08, 28 July 2012
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	==Temperature controllers==		==Temperature controllers==
	http://fermentationriot.com/arduinopid.php		http://fermentationriot.com/arduinopid.php

			http://lukemiller.org/index.php/2010/08/a-thermocouple-datalogger-based-on-the-arduino-platform/

	http://www.over-engineered.com/projects/sous-vide-pid-controller/		http://www.over-engineered.com/projects/sous-vide-pid-controller/

Poli at 14:00, 28 July 2012

2012-07-28T14:00:07Z

@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 =Blogged fermentor builds=
 http://benkrasnow.blogspot.com/2009/09/stainless-steel-conical-beer-fermentor.html
 http://hbd.org/brewniversity/engineering/conical/
 http://nilrodbrewery.blogspot.com/2010/12/diy-inductor-tank-conical-fermenter.html

Poli: /* Fermentor design */

2012-07-22T14:05:42Z

Fermentor design

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:05, 22 July 2012
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	http://www.coe.neu.edu/Depts/test/MIE/pdfs/Capstone/Mechanical_Engineering/ME%202010%2012%20Bioreactor%20to%20Enable%20Microbe%20Productivity%20Optimiz.pdf		http://www.coe.neu.edu/Depts/test/MIE/pdfs/Capstone/Mechanical_Engineering/ME%202010%2012%20Bioreactor%20to%20Enable%20Microbe%20Productivity%20Optimiz.pdf

			http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/pdfs/separative_bioreactor.pdf

	https://biogas.ifas.ufl.edu/Publs/BioresourTechnol-92(1)-2004.pdf		https://biogas.ifas.ufl.edu/Publs/BioresourTechnol-92(1)-2004.pdf

Poli at 13:35, 22 July 2012

2012-07-22T13:35:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:35, 22 July 2012
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	[http://www.biotechniques.com/BiotechniquesJournal/2008/August/An-automated-home-built-low-cost-fermenter-suitable-for-large-scale-bacterial-expression-of-proteins-in-Escherichia-coli/biotechniques-45258.html An automated home-built low-cost fermenter suitable for large-scale bacterial expression of proteins in Escherichia coli] by Riek et al (2008) developed a fermentor from basic laboratory supplies for E. coli protein expression for a cost of $2250 based on new components. A 12 liter reservoir produced by Nalgene is placed in a temperature controlled water bath and agitation is supplied by an overhead stirrer. Filtered air is supplied to the reservoir after going through a heat exchanger in the water bath and exhaust is passed through a cold filter to recapture airborne bacteria. A pH measuring unit was connected to a control unit and triggered a peristaltic pump to deliver NaOH to the media to maintain neutral pH. The cell density (OD) was monitored manually but an automated pipet was loaded to add inducer solution at the desired OD of 10 (activates promoter of inserted protein gene; usually lac promoter and an inducer of IPTG Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside). Additional pumps were controlled by the control unit for the addition of glycerol (as a carbon source) and an antifoaming agent. The fermentor was successfully operated to produce a number of expressed proteins in yields 10X higher than standard shaking flasks.		[http://www.biotechniques.com/BiotechniquesJournal/2008/August/An-automated-home-built-low-cost-fermenter-suitable-for-large-scale-bacterial-expression-of-proteins-in-Escherichia-coli/biotechniques-45258.html An automated home-built low-cost fermenter suitable for large-scale bacterial expression of proteins in Escherichia coli] by Riek et al (2008) developed a fermentor from basic laboratory supplies for E. coli protein expression for a cost of $2250 based on new components. A 12 liter reservoir produced by Nalgene is placed in a temperature controlled water bath and agitation is supplied by an overhead stirrer. Filtered air is supplied to the reservoir after going through a heat exchanger in the water bath and exhaust is passed through a cold filter to recapture airborne bacteria. A pH measuring unit was connected to a control unit and triggered a peristaltic pump to deliver NaOH to the media to maintain neutral pH. The cell density (OD) was monitored manually but an automated pipet was loaded to add inducer solution at the desired OD of 10 (activates promoter of inserted protein gene; usually lac promoter and an inducer of IPTG Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside). Additional pumps were controlled by the control unit for the addition of glycerol (as a carbon source) and an antifoaming agent. The fermentor was successfully operated to produce a number of expressed proteins in yields 10X higher than standard shaking flasks.

	[http://www.biotechniques.com/multimedia/archive/00041/318_41920a.pdf The supplementary contains build instructions and a bill of materials].		[http://www.biotechniques.com/multimedia/archive/00041/318_41920a.pdf The supplementary contains build instructions and a bill of materials]. Certain salient details are included such as the configuration of the inputs and outputs for the five ports of the fermentation chamber and detailed supplier lists and parts numbers for the preassembled components. Sterility was maintained by autoclaving heat stable components and storage in 70% ethanol of the probes. Air tight cable glands were used to port the lids and the mixer shaft was passed through a ball bearing sealed with lithium soap and dual teflon discs. The control unit was a MC68HC05B6-microprocessor based control unit (Cat. no. 95 05 80–77; CControl/BASIC), including a “starter board” (Cat. no. 12 10 37–77) and a detailed schematic for the connection of input and output signals is included in figure S2. Despite OD being monitored manually the linear relationship between base addition and cell density was used to trigger the addition of the inducer solution.

	http://www.coe.neu.edu/Depts/test/MIE/pdfs/Capstone/Mechanical_Engineering/ME%202010%2012%20Bioreactor%20to%20Enable%20Microbe%20Productivity%20Optimiz.pdf		http://www.coe.neu.edu/Depts/test/MIE/pdfs/Capstone/Mechanical_Engineering/ME%202010%2012%20Bioreactor%20to%20Enable%20Microbe%20Productivity%20Optimiz.pdf