Marcin at 05:16, 18 February 2026

2026-02-18T05:16:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:16, 18 February 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	7 stages of critical thinking development:		7 stages of critical thinking development [https://chatgpt.com/share/69954b36-5018-8010-b915-a6b1f6c95155]

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Marcin: Created page with "7 stages of critical thinking development: {| class="wikitable" |+ Kitchener–King Reflective Judgment Model (RJM) ! Stage !! Level !! View of knowledge (epistemic assumption) !! How claims are justified (typical warrants) !! Typical language / markers |- | 1 || Pre-Reflective || Knowledge is certain and directly observable || "I saw it" / immediate certainty; no need for justification beyond observation || "It’s obvious." "I know because I experienced it." |- | 2 ||..."

2026-02-18T05:15:12Z

Created page with "7 stages of critical thinking development: {| class="wikitable" |+ Kitchener–King Reflective Judgment Model (RJM) ! Stage !! Level !! View of knowledge (epistemic assumption) !! How claims are justified (typical warrants) !! Typical language / markers |- | 1 || Pre-Reflective || Knowledge is certain and directly observable || "I saw it" / immediate certainty; no need for justification beyond observation || "It’s obvious." "I know because I experienced it." |- | 2 ||..."

New page

7 stages of critical thinking development:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Kitchener–King Reflective Judgment Model (RJM)
! Stage !! Level !! View of knowledge (epistemic assumption) !! How claims are justified (typical warrants) !! Typical language / markers
|-
| 1 || Pre-Reflective || Knowledge is certain and directly observable || "I saw it" / immediate certainty; no need for justification beyond observation || "It’s obvious." "I know because I experienced it."
|-
| 2 || Pre-Reflective || Knowledge is certain; authorities possess right answers || Deference to authority; if authorities disagree, one must be wrong || "Experts know." "The textbook says..."
|-
| 3 || Pre-Reflective || Some uncertainty exists; truth is temporarily unknown || Uncertainty blamed on missing information; once data arrive, certainty returns || "We just don’t have enough information yet."
|-
| 4 || Quasi-Reflective || Knowledge is uncertain and contextual; answers depend on situation || Reasons given, but often relativistic; opinions treated as personal and not fully evaluable || "Everyone has their own opinion." "Depends how you look at it."
|-
| 5 || Quasi-Reflective || Knowledge is constructed; evidence matters but is interpreted through perspectives || Evidence used, but competing claims often treated as equally defensible; limited criteria to rank better/worse justifications || "You can’t really prove it." "Both sides have evidence."
|-
| 6 || Reflective || Knowledge is uncertain but can be evaluated via inquiry || Comparative evaluation using quality of evidence, methods, coherence; conclusions are probabilistic and revisable || "The best-supported view is..." "Given the data, it’s more likely..."
|-
| 7 || Reflective || Knowledge is constructed through ongoing inquiry; certainty is rare || Commitments made based on cumulative evidence and reasoning; active openness to revision with new evidence || "I hold this view because..." "I’d change my mind if..."
|}

Kitchener and King Reflective Judgement Model - Revision history

Marcin at 05:16, 18 February 2026