Polylactic acid - Revision history

Eric: Added some more links under the "Internal Links" section

2020-09-30T22:41:35Z

Added some more links under the "Internal Links" section

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:41, 30 September 2020
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	=Internal Links=		=Internal Links=
	*[[Polylactic acid log]]		*[[Polylactic acid log]]
			*[[Fluidized Bed Reactor]]
	*[[Lost PLA Casting]]		*[[Lost PLA Casting]]
	*[[Biocomposite]]		*[[Biocomposite]]

Eric: Updated the page to the more recent formatting style

2020-09-30T22:41:10Z

Updated the page to the more recent formatting style

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:41, 30 September 2020
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	=Papers=		=Papers=

	*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. Starch fermentation can be done with Lactobacillus amylophylus- [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520].		*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. Starch fermentation can be done with Lactobacillus amylophylus- [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520].
	*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]		*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]
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	*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]		*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]

	=~~Related Wiki Pages~~=		=Internal Links=
	* ~~Work log:~~ [[Polylactic acid log]]		*[[Polylactic acid log]]
	* [[Lost PLA Casting]]		*[[Lost PLA Casting]]
	* ~~Other:~~ [[Biocomposite]], [[Biorefinery]], [[Silage]]		*[[Biocomposite]]
	* ~~Appropedia:~~ [http://www.appropedia.org/Open-source_polylactic_acid_production "Open-source polylactic acid production"]		*[[Biorefinery]]
			*[[Silage]]

			=External Links=
			*[http://www.appropedia.org/Open-source_polylactic_acid_production "Open-source polylactic acid production"]

			[[Category: Plastics]]

Poli at 03:45, 27 August 2018

2018-08-27T03:45:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:45, 27 August 2018
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	[[Category:Bioplastics]]		[[Category:Bioplastics]]

	[[File:~~640px~~-~~Mulch Film made of PLA-Blend Bio-Flex~~.~~jpg~~\|~~500px~~\|thumb\|right\|~~Mulch film made of PLA-blend [http://www.fkur.com/produkte/bio-flex.html "BIO-FLEX®"].~~]]		[[File:512px-Polylactid sceletal.png\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Credited to PolimereK]]



	[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polylactic_acid Polylactic acid] is a thermoplastic suitable for light weight applications and plastic extrusion by 3D printers. Polylactic acid is a bio-degradable polyester polymer of lactic acid. Lactic acid can be formed by fermentation of sugars by microorganisms or synthetically from petroleum. Lactic acid is polymerized via sequential condensation reactions with a catalyst between 130-160 C. Polylactic acid is currently in first generation large scale production using corn starch as a feedstock.		[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polylactic_acid Polylactic acid] is a thermoplastic suitable for light weight applications and plastic extrusion by 3D printers. Polylactic acid is a bio-degradable polyester polymer of lactic acid. Lactic acid can be formed by fermentation of sugars by microorganisms or synthetically from petroleum. Lactic acid is polymerized via sequential condensation reactions with a catalyst between 130-160 C. Polylactic acid is currently in first generation large scale production using corn starch as a feedstock.
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	==Quality and value adding==		==Quality and value adding==
			[[File:640px-Mulch Film made of PLA-Blend Bio-Flex.jpg\|500px\|thumb\|right\|Mulch film made of PLA-blend [http://www.fkur.com/produkte/bio-flex.html "BIO-FLEX®"].]]

	PLA can be recycled with hydrolysis back to monomers.		PLA can be recycled with hydrolysis back to monomers.

Marcin: /* Papers */

2018-02-19T23:42:46Z

Papers

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:42, 19 February 2018
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	=Papers=		=Papers=
	*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]
	*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. Starch fermentation can be done with Lactobacillus amylophylus- [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520].		*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. Starch fermentation can be done with Lactobacillus amylophylus- [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520].
	*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]		*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]
	*Source of patented isolated bacillus - [https://www.atcc.org/Products/All/PTA-5827.aspx]. Patent discussing the advantages of this bacillus - [http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PTXT&s1=7,098,009%20.PN.&OS=PN/7,098,009%20&RS=PN/7,098,009]. Advantage is that this bacillus isolate can be used with cellulose enzymes in a single vat - avoiding the necessity to otherwise use acids (which also require removal of acid for effective fermentation). The acid route inlvolves acid removal or neutralization - whereas the enzyme + isolate can occur all in the same batch.		*Source of patented isolated bacillus - [https://www.atcc.org/Products/All/PTA-5827.aspx]. Patent discussing the advantages of this bacillus - [http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PTXT&s1=7,098,009%20.PN.&OS=PN/7,098,009%20&RS=PN/7,098,009]. Advantage is that this bacillus isolate can be used with cellulose enzymes in a single vat - avoiding the necessity to otherwise use acids (which also require removal of acid for effective fermentation). The acid route inlvolves acid removal or neutralization - whereas the enzyme + isolate can occur all in the same batch.
			*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]

	=Related Wiki Pages=		=Related Wiki Pages=

Marcin: /* Papers */

2018-02-19T23:37:23Z

Papers

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:37, 19 February 2018
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	*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. Starch fermentation can be done with Lactobacillus amylophylus- [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520].		*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. Starch fermentation can be done with Lactobacillus amylophylus- [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520].
	*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]		*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]
			*Source of patented isolated bacillus - [https://www.atcc.org/Products/All/PTA-5827.aspx]. Patent discussing the advantages of this bacillus - [http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PTXT&s1=7,098,009%20.PN.&OS=PN/7,098,009%20&RS=PN/7,098,009]. Advantage is that this bacillus isolate can be used with cellulose enzymes in a single vat - avoiding the necessity to otherwise use acids (which also require removal of acid for effective fermentation). The acid route inlvolves acid removal or neutralization - whereas the enzyme + isolate can occur all in the same batch.

	=Related Wiki Pages=		=Related Wiki Pages=

Marcin: /* Papers */

2018-02-19T23:14:14Z

Papers

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:14, 19 February 2018
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	=Papers=		=Papers=
	*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]		*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]
	*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]		*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. Starch fermentation can be done with Lactobacillus amylophylus- [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520].
	*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]		*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]

Marcin: /* Links */

2018-02-19T23:10:43Z

Links

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:10, 19 February 2018
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	Purification of monomeric lactic acid is proposed to involve dialysis of the lactate salt stream that incrementally introduces semipermeable membranes (first based on size then charge bias). Commercially conventional electrodialysis is used to create a concentrated stream of lactic acid that is further purified and concentrated with water splitting electrodialysis. A polishing step is then used often ion-exchange with a strong acid membrane and weak base membrane. Alternatively, reactive distillation will be used as second purifying step where methanol esterifies with lactic acid to produce methyl lactate. Methyl lactate can be distilled in the bottom of a fraction column and then hydrolyzed to methanol and lactic acid. This two-step purification will have to be tested for its polymerization quality.		Purification of monomeric lactic acid is proposed to involve dialysis of the lactate salt stream that incrementally introduces semipermeable membranes (first based on size then charge bias). Commercially conventional electrodialysis is used to create a concentrated stream of lactic acid that is further purified and concentrated with water splitting electrodialysis. A polishing step is then used often ion-exchange with a strong acid membrane and weak base membrane. Alternatively, reactive distillation will be used as second purifying step where methanol esterifies with lactic acid to produce methyl lactate. Methyl lactate can be distilled in the bottom of a fraction column and then hydrolyzed to methanol and lactic acid. This two-step purification will have to be tested for its polymerization quality.

	=~~Links~~=		=Papers=
	*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]		*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]
	*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]		*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]
			*Review of PLA synthesis - [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/an-overview-of-the-synthesis-and-synthetic-mechanism-of-poly-lactic-acid-2329-6798.1000144.php?aid=36512]

	=Related Wiki Pages=		=Related Wiki Pages=

Marcin: /* Links */

2018-02-19T23:02:28Z

Links

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:02, 19 February 2018
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	=Links=		=Links=
	*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus is demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]		*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus + sugars are demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. B. coagulans addresses the issue of culture survival in the presence of acid used to break down the biomass. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]
	*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]		*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]

Marcin: /* Links */

2018-02-19T22:54:38Z

Links

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:54, 19 February 2018
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	=Links=		=Links=
	*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus is demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]		*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus is demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]
	*Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]		*Review article on LA feedstocks, PLA synthesis, and companies involved. Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]

	=Related Wiki Pages=		=Related Wiki Pages=

Marcin: /* Links */

2018-02-19T22:52:56Z

Links

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:52, 19 February 2018
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	=Links=		=Links=
	*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production~~, discusses feedstock possibilities~~ - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]		*Bacillus coagulans for PLA production from woody biomass. Lactobacillus is demoted by this paper since it competes with food sources. - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590179/]
	*Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]		*Lactobacillus delbrueckii can ferment table sugar (sucrose). These bacteria need suppliements, best is yeast extract. - [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/index.php/ejbiotechnology/article/view/v7n2-7/520]