Marcin at 05:06, 18 February 2026

2026-02-18T05:06:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:06, 18 February 2026
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	\| High moral intelligence; integrates structural justice, externalities, long-term consequences, and stewardship of commons		\| High moral intelligence; integrates structural justice, externalities, long-term consequences, and stewardship of commons
	\|}		\|}

			Source [https://chatgpt.com/share/699548d6-258c-8010-8352-cc8a09d1fc97]

Marcin at 05:05, 18 February 2026

2026-02-18T05:05:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:05, 18 February 2026
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	Role-taking = the ability to mentally adopt another person’s point of view and understand how one’s own actions are perceived by others.		Role-taking = the ability to mentally adopt another person’s point of view and understand how one’s own actions are perceived by others.

			There are 5 stages of development:

			{\| class="wikitable"
			! Selman Stage
			! Core Perspective-Taking Capacity
			! Leadership Maturity
			! Moral Intelligence Assessment
			\|-
			\| Level 0 – Egocentric
			\| Cannot reliably distinguish own perspective from others; projects own feelings onto others
			\| Pre-leadership / reactive actor; poor feedback reception; blames others; weak team function
			\| Low moral scope; ethics framed as self-protection or impulse; limited empathy; harm often unrecognized
			\|-
			\| Level 1 – Subjective
			\| Recognizes others have different views but cannot coordinate perspectives; differences explained by different information access
			\| Directive, authority-based leadership; manages simple roles; limited empathy; assumes agreement if others had same information
			\| Rule-based morality; fairness framed as equal treatment without context; intent of others underweighted
			\|-
			\| Level 2 – Self-Reflective / Reciprocal
			\| Can take another’s perspective and reflect on how self appears to others
			\| Relational leadership; capable of feedback, coaching, negotiation, and trust repair
			\| Interpersonal moral intelligence; considers intent and impact; emerging accountability; capable of apology and repair
			\|-
			\| Level 3 – Mutual / Third-Person
			\| Coordinates multiple perspectives simultaneously; can take an impartial observer view
			\| Systems-aware leadership; facilitates dialogue, resolves conflict, aligns stakeholders, balances competing interests
			\| Contextual moral reasoning; integrates multiple values, tradeoffs, and second-order effects; equity over simple equality
			\|-
			\| Level 4 – Societal / In-Depth
			\| Embeds perspectives within social systems, institutions, and cultural roles
			\| Civilizational / institutional leadership; designs rules, norms, and incentive systems; orients action toward long-term public good
			\| High moral intelligence; integrates structural justice, externalities, long-term consequences, and stewardship of commons
			\|}

Marcin: Created page with "Role-taking = the ability to mentally adopt another person’s point of view and understand how one’s own actions are perceived by others."

2026-02-18T05:04:36Z

Created page with "Role-taking = the ability to mentally adopt another person’s point of view and understand how one’s own actions are perceived by others."

New page

Role-taking = the ability to mentally adopt another person’s point of view and understand how one’s own actions are perceived by others.

Selman's Role-Taking Theory - Revision history

Marcin at 05:06, 18 February 2026

Marcin at 05:05, 18 February 2026

Marcin: Created page with "Role-taking = the ability to mentally adopt another person’s point of view and understand how one’s own actions are perceived by others."