5-Hydroxymethylfurfural: Difference between revisions
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{{Category=Biofuel}} | |||
{{Category=Bioplastics}} | |||
[[File:5-Hydroxymethylfurfural.png|300px|right]] | |||
HMF is an organic compound derived from plant-based sugars (i.e. glucose & fructose) | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxymethylfurfural HMF] is an organic compound derived from plant-based sugars (i.e. glucose & fructose). As a platform chemical, it can be processed into various biochemicals that are currently still derived from fossil fuels. HMF is highly water soluble and can be processed into diesel-like liquid biofuels ("furanic biofuels"). These are in some ways superior to ethanol. For example, compared to ethanol, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,5-dimethylfuran 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF)] has a higher energy density, has a higher boiling point (by 20°C), and is not soluble in water. DMF is similar to gasoline and is compatible with the existing liquid transportation fuel infrastructure, having already been used as a gasoline additive. | ||
==Expired patents== | |||
*[http://www.google.com/patents/about?id=Bv1qAAAAEBAJ PREPARATION OF HYDROXYMETHYLFURFURAL] (issued 1958) | |||
*[http://www.google.com/patents/about?id=lNU5AAAAEBAJ Manufacture of furfuryl alcohol] (issued 1978) | |||
*[http://www.google.com/patents/about?id=iMw6AAAAEBAJ Process for manufacturing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural] (issued 1982) | |||
==Recent Research== | |||
* Here is a study from the Institute of Chemistry at the University of Rostock, Germany: '''[http://www.chemie1.uni-rostock.de/pci/emelyanenko/publications/41.pdf Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Biomass-Derived Platform Chemicals: Thermodynamic Studies on the Conversion of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into Bulk Intermediates]''' | |||
* Production using microwave: HMF can be produced from fructose by microwaving, according to this study: [[File:Paper1829.pdf]]. The elevated reaction temperatures of 150-180°C require this to take place under high pressure. | |||
* Using formic acid: Here is an article that describes the [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.201002267/full "Efficient Production of the Liquid Fuel 2,5-Dimethylfuran from Fructose Using Formic Acid as a Reagent"]. Formic acid is readily available as a [[Biochemicals_from_Pyrolysis|organic chemical from pyrolysis]]. | |||
* An a article in Technology Review [http://www.technologyreview.com/Nanotech/18943 (link here)] reports on research about a new catalyst (chromium chloride) that can get the most HMF from glucose and works at temperatures of 80 °C for fructose and 100 °C for glucose. | |||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
* [http://www. | * Treehugger: [http://www.treehugger.com/files/2007/06/yet_another_bio_1.php "Yet Another BioFuel Option: 2,5-Dimethylfuran"] | ||
* | * Article in Technology Review: [http://www.technologyreview.com/Nanotech/18943/ Plastics from Sugar - New catalysts convert glucose into a valuable chemical feedstock.] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:38, 8 March 2011
Main > Materials > Bioplastics
HMF is an organic compound derived from plant-based sugars (i.e. glucose & fructose). As a platform chemical, it can be processed into various biochemicals that are currently still derived from fossil fuels. HMF is highly water soluble and can be processed into diesel-like liquid biofuels ("furanic biofuels"). These are in some ways superior to ethanol. For example, compared to ethanol, 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) has a higher energy density, has a higher boiling point (by 20°C), and is not soluble in water. DMF is similar to gasoline and is compatible with the existing liquid transportation fuel infrastructure, having already been used as a gasoline additive.
Expired patents
- PREPARATION OF HYDROXYMETHYLFURFURAL (issued 1958)
- Manufacture of furfuryl alcohol (issued 1978)
- Process for manufacturing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (issued 1982)
Recent Research
- Here is a study from the Institute of Chemistry at the University of Rostock, Germany: Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Biomass-Derived Platform Chemicals: Thermodynamic Studies on the Conversion of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into Bulk Intermediates
- Production using microwave: HMF can be produced from fructose by microwaving, according to this study: File:Paper1829.pdf. The elevated reaction temperatures of 150-180°C require this to take place under high pressure.
- Using formic acid: Here is an article that describes the "Efficient Production of the Liquid Fuel 2,5-Dimethylfuran from Fructose Using Formic Acid as a Reagent". Formic acid is readily available as a organic chemical from pyrolysis.
- An a article in Technology Review (link here) reports on research about a new catalyst (chromium chloride) that can get the most HMF from glucose and works at temperatures of 80 °C for fructose and 100 °C for glucose.
External Links
- Treehugger: "Yet Another BioFuel Option: 2,5-Dimethylfuran"
- Article in Technology Review: Plastics from Sugar - New catalysts convert glucose into a valuable chemical feedstock.