Private Clubs

Cooperatives may have collaborative ownership, but they are not usually open source organizations. As such, their business practices may be comparable to corporations.

• Corporations - Typically proprietary development may be described simply as a Private Clubs with Private Ownership, an Old Boys' Network. Designs are not open source. Great example is Apple
• Cooperatives - May be described as Private Clubs with Collaborative Ownership. New members may be welcome, but outsiders do not get access to intellectual property. Great example here is Mondragon and organizations with the Peer Production License