EPCOT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPCOT_(concept)
Good case study for why it failed as a model experimental prototype community
Epcot Center, as it exists today, is a far cry from Walt Disney's original vision of an experimental prototype community of tomorrow. While it retains some elements of his ideas, the shift from a utopian city to a theme park primarily focused on technology and international culture reflects a number of factors, including the challenges of building and governing a real city, the desire to avoid the complexities of running a city, and a shift in Disney's business strategy. Walt Disney's vision for the Experimental Prototype ...
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
Unrealistic and Complex Vision: Walt Disney's original EPCOT was intended to be a fully functional city, a living blueprint for the future, housing 20,000 residents. This vision included a central dome, monorails, and a system for managing all aspects of life, from transportation to governance. However, the complexities of building and managing such a city, especially with the lack of precedent and potential for unforeseen issues, proved daunting and impractical.
Lack of Governance and Resident Input: The original EPCOT concept lacked clear provisions for resident participation in governance, and it's questionable whether residents would have accepted such a structure. Concerns about the lack of resident input and control over their lives were significant, and it's likely this would have led to conflicts and difficulties in establishing a functional community.
Financial and Practical Concerns: Building a city from scratch, even with Disney's resources and expertise, would have been an enormous undertaking. The scale and complexity of the project raised serious questions about its financial viability and long-term sustainability. Additionally, the idea of a self-contained city with its own unique systems and infrastructure might have faced resistance from existing communities and infrastructure.
Post-Disney Shift in Strategy: After Walt Disney's death, the Disney company decided against pursuing the creation of a real city. The company was hesitant to take on the responsibilities and potential risks associated with running a city. They instead opted for a more manageable and profitable path by transforming the concept into a theme park that showcased technological innovation and international cultures.
Focus on Entertainment and Revenue: The transition to a theme park allowed Disney to leverage its brand and storytelling expertise to create an attraction that was more easily marketable and financially viable. The theme park model, with its focus on entertainment and revenue generation, proved to be a more successful and sustainable approach.