Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Difference between revisions
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*Carbon Dioxide held above the [[Critical Point]] | *Carbon Dioxide held above the [[Critical Point]] | ||
*Here (and other [[Supercritical Fluids]] ) it behaves essentially as ''both'' a Liquid and a Gas | *Here (and other [[Supercritical Fluids]] ) it behaves essentially as ''both'' a Liquid and a Gas | ||
*It can be abbreviated as sCO2 | |||
=Uses= | =Uses= | ||
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==Extraction== | ==Extraction== | ||
*[[Supercritical fluid extraction]] is very common in the [[Essential Oil]] Industry (for [[Fragrances]] / [[Food Additives]] ) ( <s>And also in the Cannabis Industry for High Value High Purity Oils/Resins/Waxes</s> | *[[Supercritical fluid extraction]] is very common in the [[Essential Oil]] Industry (for [[Fragrances]] / [[Food Additives]] ) ( <s>And also in the Cannabis Industry for High Value High Purity Oils/Resins/Waxes</s> ) | ||
*It is effective, and also has little risk of contamination since simply depressurizing the mixture separates out the CO2 (which can then be collected and recycled) | *It is effective, and also has little risk of contamination since simply depressurizing the mixture separates out the CO2 (which can then be collected and recycled) | ||
*Main issue is initial cost of equipment | *Main issue is initial cost of equipment | ||
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*It can be used as a [[Refrigerant]] or as a Working Fluid in a [[Rankine Cycle]] (Although using Hydrocarbons in the [[Organic Rankine Cycle]] may be of more interest | *It can be used as a [[Refrigerant]] or as a Working Fluid in a [[Rankine Cycle]] (Although using Hydrocarbons in the [[Organic Rankine Cycle]] may be of more interest | ||
*It has the advantage over [[Butane]] and other similar proposed hydrocarbons in that it is not flammable | *It has the advantage over [[Butane]] and other similar proposed hydrocarbons in that it is not flammable | ||
*The [[Allam-Fetvedt Cycle]] is a novel Power Generation system utilizing [[Oxy-Fuel Combustion]] in an all Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere | |||
=Internal Links= | =Internal Links= | ||
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=External Links= | =External Links= | ||
* | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercritical_carbon_dioxide The Wikipedia Page on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide] | ||
*[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0896844612000642 A 2012 Paper Titled "Supercritical fluid simulated moving bed chromatography for the separation of ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate" ] | |||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AipBc6yBOF4 A Video by the YouTube Channel "extraktLAB" Titled "How To Do Supercritical CO2 Extraction" ] ( '''~2 Minute Watch''' ) | |||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gCTKteN5Y4 A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "A close look at supercritical carbon dioxide CO2" ] ( '''~8 Minute Watch''' ) | |||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvmM6qa2a90 A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "Caffeine extraction from green coffee with supercritical CO2" ] ( ''' ~10 Minute Watch''' ) | |||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxAjlmaUNzs A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "Supercritical CO2 extraction of cinnamon, coffee, and vanilla with [[dry ice]] " ] ( ''' ~6 Minute Watch''' ) | |||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wkgBPk0DWg A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "Custom supercritical CO2 chamber with easy-to-use lid clamp" ] ( ''' ~7 Minute Watch''' ) | |||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=70znrkiHfpA A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "Effect of long-term high pressure CO2 on acrylic" ] ( '''~2 Minute Watch''' ) | |||
**Seems the Acrylic is not viable for long term / non-educational demo use | |||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oo-iS6q-djo A Video by the YouTube Channel "Vidya-mitra' Titled "Supercritical fluid extraction: principle and applications (FT)" ] (A 30 Minute Presentation by Dr. Richa Singh from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI) ) | |||
Latest revision as of 00:12, 5 September 2022
Basics
- Carbon Dioxide held above the Critical Point
- Here (and other Supercritical Fluids ) it behaves essentially as both a Liquid and a Gas
- It can be abbreviated as sCO2
Uses
Blowing Agent
- Involves dissolving sCO2 into the material, then rapidly depressurizing it to form a foam
- Need to look into this further for more specific details
Chemical Synthesis
- Need to look into this for specifics, but essentially using CO2 as the solvent for the reaction
- Of interest to the Pharmaceutical Industry, as the Product may be "precipitated" by expanding the mixture out of a nozzle, leaving a fine dry product akin to Spray Drying
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
- Can be used for Analytic Chemistry, or in Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography at an industrial scale
Dry Cleaning
- Unlike other solvents sCO2 has virtually no toxicity (short of it being an Asphyxiant Hazard ) so Disposal/Handling concerns are far less
Extraction
- Supercritical fluid extraction is very common in the Essential Oil Industry (for Fragrances / Food Additives ) (
And also in the Cannabis Industry for High Value High Purity Oils/Resins/Waxes) - It is effective, and also has little risk of contamination since simply depressurizing the mixture separates out the CO2 (which can then be collected and recycled)
- Main issue is initial cost of equipment
- It is also used for Decaffeination
As a Working Fluid
- It can be used as a Refrigerant or as a Working Fluid in a Rankine Cycle (Although using Hydrocarbons in the Organic Rankine Cycle may be of more interest
- It has the advantage over Butane and other similar proposed hydrocarbons in that it is not flammable
- The Allam-Fetvedt Cycle is a novel Power Generation system utilizing Oxy-Fuel Combustion in an all Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere
Internal Links
External Links
- The Wikipedia Page on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
- A 2012 Paper Titled "Supercritical fluid simulated moving bed chromatography for the separation of ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate"
- A Video by the YouTube Channel "extraktLAB" Titled "How To Do Supercritical CO2 Extraction" ( ~2 Minute Watch )
- A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "A close look at supercritical carbon dioxide CO2" ( ~8 Minute Watch )
- A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "Caffeine extraction from green coffee with supercritical CO2" ( ~10 Minute Watch )
- A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "Supercritical CO2 extraction of cinnamon, coffee, and vanilla with dry ice " ( ~6 Minute Watch )
- A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "Custom supercritical CO2 chamber with easy-to-use lid clamp" ( ~7 Minute Watch )
- A Video by the YouTube Channel "Applied Science" Titled "Effect of long-term high pressure CO2 on acrylic" ( ~2 Minute Watch )
- Seems the Acrylic is not viable for long term / non-educational demo use
- A Video by the YouTube Channel "Vidya-mitra' Titled "Supercritical fluid extraction: principle and applications (FT)" (A 30 Minute Presentation by Dr. Richa Singh from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI) )