Open Source Ventilator Industry Standards

Peer Review by Joshua Pearce

What we are actually producing locally is much more modest - https://www.appropedia.org/MTU_3-D_printing_PPE a few hundred face sheilds, dozens of masks and a handful of the tools to speed up cloth mask making and vent splitters. You can see what we are doing for masks - if you click on the filter link https://www.appropedia.org/Face_mask_reviews#Filter_materials it covers the materials...

We are working desperately to get a real open source ventilator going -- for a summary of the literature see https://f1000research.com/articles/9-218/v1 Short answer is no one has actually done it yet: MIT, Rice, Ireland and OxyGEN and a few others are really close - but delayed only partially released their code - the software to do the pressures correctly is the really hard part - we are working on it too -- I expect within the next few weeks one of us will get it. I have two artificial lungs - the fancy $10k kind on loan so I can test anyone's system....hopefully soon we will have something. Here is a list updated daily https://github.com/PubInv/covid19-vent-list

Thanks Joshua

List of Open Source Projects

1. Joshua Pearce - [1]
2. Ambovent - above
3. Make's mini conference on open source ventilators - lists the players involved - [2]
4. Lungstors
5. HandyVent
6. List from Medium article - [3]. Spreadsheet at [4] but is not downloadable. Here is another list that is downloadable - [5]
7. Sensorica list - [6]
8. Ventilaid - [7]. Reciprocating, with pneumatic cylinder. Project site - [8]
9. Leitat field respirator - first BVM - [9]
10. Hackaday ventilator - [10]
11. Ambu Type from Barcelona - [11]
12. MIT Ventilator - but blueprints are not available yet.

Open Sourcish

• Open Design, not open technical - Princeton Ventilator
• Manu Prakash, NC license - [12]

Proprietary, Free, or No License

1. AIR - [13]
2. Code Life - Free to manufacture during crisis - [14]

Types

• Manual inflator, or bag valve mask, or Ambu valve - [15]
• Accordion style, with pneumatic or comtrollable linear drive (Universal Axis)
• Automated bag valve mask
• Turbopump, microcontroller versions
• Ventilators that depend on pumping or oxygen concentrators vs. tanks of air and oxygen
• See wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventilator
• Manley Blease Ventilator

Glossary

• Fraction of Inspired Oxygen - FiO2 - [16]
• PEEP - Positive End Expiratory Pressure - [17]

Design

• Design of ventilators - [18]

Links

• CPAP vs Ventilator
• Open Source Ventilator
• Existing Open Source BVM Based Ventilators