Lean Six Sigma

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_Six_Sigma (LSS)

DOWNTIME is an acronym in LSS representing 8 forms of waste. Defects. Overproduction. Waiting. Transportation. Non-used talent, Inventory. Motion. Extra processing.

Here are some useful icons [1]:

Kaizen (Continuous Improvement) vs Six Sigma

Kaizen	Six Sigma
Continuous small improvements (everyday change)	Structured, project-based defect and variation reduction
Everyone participates; frontline-driven	Typically led by trained roles (Green/Black Belts) with executive sponsorship
Cultural mindset and habits; improvement as part of daily work	Methodology with defined phases and deliverables (DMAIC/DMADV)
Fast experimentation; “try, learn, standardize”	Data- and analysis-intensive; statistical tools common
Focus: flow, waste reduction, work standardization, ergonomics	Focus: variation control, capability, defect reduction (DPMO, sigma level)
Measurement: simple operational metrics (lead time, WIP, rework, safety)	Measurement: process capability, control charts, hypothesis tests, DOE
Best for: high-frequency opportunities, local process improvements	Best for: chronic quality problems, complex cross-functional processes
Typical cadence: daily/weekly improvements; occasional Kaizen events	Typical cadence: defined projects lasting weeks to months