Fuel Cells: Difference between revisions
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*PEM - $45/kw when manufactured on million-scale volume . [Ibid.] | *PEM - $45/kw when manufactured on million-scale volume . [Ibid.] | ||
*'''Comparison to batteries''' - So, 145 kg total for tanks + FC system + 5 kg hydrogen, delivering an EPA estimated range of 312 miles. That compares to 540 kg for the battery pack in a Tesla Model S with a rated range of 265 miles. [Ibid.] | *'''Comparison to batteries''' - So, 145 kg total for tanks + FC system + 5 kg hydrogen, delivering an EPA estimated range of 312 miles. That compares to 540 kg for the battery pack in a Tesla Model S with a rated range of 265 miles. [Ibid.] | ||
= | =Prices= | ||
== | *As low as $1.4/watt [https://www.horizoneducational.com/8-types-of-fuel-cell-by-price-point/t1418?currency=usd#:~:text=The%20fuel%20cell%20price%20can,be%20as%20high%20as%20%24%2015%2C000.] | ||
*2.5 kW costs $15k above | |||
=Types= | |||
*[[Alkaline Fuel Cell]] | *[[Alkaline Fuel Cell]] | ||
*[[Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell]] | *[[Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell]] | ||
**[[Direct Methanol Fuel Cell]] | |||
**[[Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell]] | |||
**[[Direct Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cell]] | |||
*[[Solid Oxide Fuel Cell]] | |||
*[[Flame Assisted Fuel Cell]] / [[Direct Flame Fuel Cell]] | |||
*[[Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell]] | |||
*[[Laminar Flow Fuel Cell]] | *[[Laminar Flow Fuel Cell]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Microbial Fuel Cell]] | ||
== | ==Internal Links== | ||
*[[Zinc Air Battery]] | *[[Zinc Air Battery]] | ||
*[[Flow Battery]] | |||
*[[Reversible Fuel Cell-Flow Battery]] | *[[Reversible Fuel Cell-Flow Battery]] | ||
*[[Microbial Electrolysis Cell]] / [[Microbial Electrosynthesis]] | |||
= | =External Links= | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell The Wikipedia Page on Fuel Cells] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell The Wikipedia Page on Fuel Cells] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell#Efficiency_of_leading_fuel_cell_types A subset of the Wikipedia Page on Fuel Cells with a great infographic] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell#Efficiency_of_leading_fuel_cell_types A subset of the Wikipedia Page on Fuel Cells with a great infographic] | ||
*Good overview statement on the technology and challenges - http://www.eesi.org/papers/view/fact-sheet-fuel-cells | *Good overview statement on the technology and challenges - http://www.eesi.org/papers/view/fact-sheet-fuel-cells | ||
*[https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/103337930/High_Temperature_PEM_Fuel_Cells.pdf A 2014 Paper Titled "High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells and Organic Fuels" ] | |||
**Mentions the use of DME in page 12 (or 35 in pdf) to 15 (38 in pdf) | |||
**Pg 53 (76): "High temperature direct DME PEM fuel cells -A way to completely mitigate the phase separation problem and simultaneously harvest the benefit of increased performance due to higher temperature would be to use a [[PBI]]-based PEM fuel cell system...This method has been proposed very recently and only 4 papers and a patent are available on the topic to date, with 3 of the 5 mentioned being from the authors group" | |||
[[Category: Energy]] [[Category: Fuel Cells]] | |||
Latest revision as of 00:55, 11 December 2024
Basics
- These are devices like batteries, but with oxygen and/or air as the oxydizer and a fuel (Usually gas or liquid excluding magnesium and zinc fuel cells)
- More Efficient Converters Than ICE's and ECE's
- Do not Produce Carbon Monoxide and other Byproducts due to lack of combustion
- Do produce waste heat (amount varys based on design) (This heat can also be harvsted via something like a turbine (such as a steam one) or a Stirling Engine to improve efficiency further
Specifications
- 40% is generally considered as the highest efficiency of hydrogen generation to usage with PEM fuel cells and electrolyzers. [1]
- Solution: distribute research worldwide and solve this by collaborative design.
- PEM - 2kW/kg of weight [2]
- PEM - $45/kw when manufactured on million-scale volume . [Ibid.]
- Comparison to batteries - So, 145 kg total for tanks + FC system + 5 kg hydrogen, delivering an EPA estimated range of 312 miles. That compares to 540 kg for the battery pack in a Tesla Model S with a rated range of 265 miles. [Ibid.]
Prices
- As low as $1.4/watt [3]
- 2.5 kW costs $15k above
Types
- Alkaline Fuel Cell
- Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- Flame Assisted Fuel Cell / Direct Flame Fuel Cell
- Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell
- Laminar Flow Fuel Cell
- Microbial Fuel Cell
Internal Links
- Zinc Air Battery
- Flow Battery
- Reversible Fuel Cell-Flow Battery
- Microbial Electrolysis Cell / Microbial Electrosynthesis
External Links
- The Wikipedia Page on Fuel Cells
- A subset of the Wikipedia Page on Fuel Cells with a great infographic
- Good overview statement on the technology and challenges - http://www.eesi.org/papers/view/fact-sheet-fuel-cells
- A 2014 Paper Titled "High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells and Organic Fuels"
- Mentions the use of DME in page 12 (or 35 in pdf) to 15 (38 in pdf)
- Pg 53 (76): "High temperature direct DME PEM fuel cells -A way to completely mitigate the phase separation problem and simultaneously harvest the benefit of increased performance due to higher temperature would be to use a PBI-based PEM fuel cell system...This method has been proposed very recently and only 4 papers and a patent are available on the topic to date, with 3 of the 5 mentioned being from the authors group"