Hydrogen Storage: Difference between revisions
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=Basics= | |||
*Although hydrogen if a good fuel, its storage can be complicated. Thus this page was made | |||
=High Pressure Hydrogen= | |||
*Electrolyzers can produce hydrogen at pressure, so a compressor is not needed. | *Electrolyzers can produce hydrogen at pressure, so a compressor is not needed. | ||
=Calculations= | *A high pressure steel tank is about $500 - [http://www.tek-diver-shop.de/scuba-tanks/tanks-1-50-liters:::19_84.html?language=en] | ||
*The simplest tank that can be used is a steel tank for up to 200 bar. This appears to be the lowest cost option. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_tank#Type_I] | |||
:*Standard tanks are 55" high and 9" wide. with 45x9 inch usable size. [http://www.tek-diver-shop.de/scuba-tanks/tanks-1-50-liters:::19_84.html?language=en 50L?] - about 12 gallon, yes, 50L. If 200 atmospheres, that is 2400 gallon equivalent. 4 of these store 10000 gallons - 1.7 gallon gasoline equivalent - but the efficiency of a hydrogen engine is 2x that of gasoline, so it's effectively 3.4 gallons by comparison. That is acceptable for a microcar, though cylinder weight is 143 each or 572 lb for the tanks themselves - a significant tradeoff for a 750 lb microcar. In the first iteration, a microcar could use 1 of these as a proof of concept for a 100 mile designed range at 750 lb of weight. | |||
==Calculations== | |||
*Cost targets - https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-storage | *Cost targets - https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-storage | ||
*1kWhr=3.6MJ. 1 kG of hydrogen is 142MJ/kg | *1kWhr=3.6MJ. 1 kG of hydrogen is 142MJ/kg | ||
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:*Compare to propane tank, 1000 gal, 100 PSI - | :*Compare to propane tank, 1000 gal, 100 PSI - | ||
=Storage Tank Suppliers= | |||
==Storage Tank Suppliers== | |||
*700 bar, 20 gallon - [http://www.steelheadcomposites.com/request-a-quote/]. '''RFQ submitted 1/27/18''' | *700 bar, 20 gallon - [http://www.steelheadcomposites.com/request-a-quote/]. '''RFQ submitted 1/27/18''' | ||
*In-ground storage, 2200 PSI - 14"x40' - [http://www.alliancegas.com/storagetubes.html] | *In-ground storage, 2200 PSI - 14"x40' - [http://www.alliancegas.com/storagetubes.html] | ||
*Low, medium, and high pressure storage options - [https://pureenergycentre.com/hydrogen-storage/] | *Low, medium, and high pressure storage options - [https://pureenergycentre.com/hydrogen-storage/] | ||
*Pictures of storage tanks - [https://www.google.com/search?q=hydrogen+storage+tanks&client=ubuntu&hs=h8e&tbm=isch&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjllc2L3KHYAhUqxoMKHay7CkkQ_AUI5gEoAQ&biw=1376&bih=788#imgrc=J0pfT75ID0DIDM:] | *Pictures of storage tanks - [https://www.google.com/search?q=hydrogen+storage+tanks&client=ubuntu&hs=h8e&tbm=isch&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjllc2L3KHYAhUqxoMKHay7CkkQ_AUI5gEoAQ&biw=1376&bih=788#imgrc=J0pfT75ID0DIDM:] | ||
=Cryogenic Storage= | =Cryogenic Storage= | ||
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=Storage as a Synthesized Fuel= | =Storage as a Synthesized Fuel= | ||
* Convert to Methane by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabatier_reaction Sabatier Reaction] | * Convert to Methane by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabatier_reaction Sabatier Reaction] | ||
* That can be compressed/liquified as is or it could be further converted into other fuels | * That can be compressed/liquified as is or it could be further converted into other fuels | ||
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* Hydrogen + Carbon Monoxide can be directly converted to hydrocarbons via the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischer–Tropsch_process Fischer Tropsch Process] | * Hydrogen + Carbon Monoxide can be directly converted to hydrocarbons via the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischer–Tropsch_process Fischer Tropsch Process] | ||
=Links= | |||
=See Also= | |||
*[[Gas_Storage_in_PVC_Pipe]] - 10000 gal STP is 1.7 kg of hydrogen. | |||
*[[Open Source Fuels Construction Set]] | |||
=Useful Links= | |||
*This reports the cost of tanks at low-thousands scale for a car - [http://energypost.eu/the-lowdown-on-hydrogen-part-1-transportation/] | *This reports the cost of tanks at low-thousands scale for a car - [http://energypost.eu/the-lowdown-on-hydrogen-part-1-transportation/] | ||
*Energy.gov state of art technology report - [https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/fuel-cell-technologies-office-accomplishments-and-progress] | *Energy.gov state of art technology report - [https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/fuel-cell-technologies-office-accomplishments-and-progress] | ||
*In an open source economy, these costs make hydrogen storage feasible at today's prices - deployable via community-supported manufacturing. | |||
Revision as of 23:35, 27 January 2018
Basics
- Although hydrogen if a good fuel, its storage can be complicated. Thus this page was made
High Pressure Hydrogen
- Electrolyzers can produce hydrogen at pressure, so a compressor is not needed.
- A high pressure steel tank is about $500 - [1]
- The simplest tank that can be used is a steel tank for up to 200 bar. This appears to be the lowest cost option. [2]
- Standard tanks are 55" high and 9" wide. with 45x9 inch usable size. 50L? - about 12 gallon, yes, 50L. If 200 atmospheres, that is 2400 gallon equivalent. 4 of these store 10000 gallons - 1.7 gallon gasoline equivalent - but the efficiency of a hydrogen engine is 2x that of gasoline, so it's effectively 3.4 gallons by comparison. That is acceptable for a microcar, though cylinder weight is 143 each or 572 lb for the tanks themselves - a significant tradeoff for a 750 lb microcar. In the first iteration, a microcar could use 1 of these as a proof of concept for a 100 mile designed range at 750 lb of weight.
Calculations
- Cost targets - https://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-storage
- 1kWhr=3.6MJ. 1 kG of hydrogen is 142MJ/kg
- Cost for car tanks target - $15/kWhr - or about 40x for 1 kG - $600/kg. (above reference)
- Cost or stationary storage goal - $1000/kg - [3]
- Compare to propane tank, 1000 gal, 100 PSI -
Storage Tank Suppliers
- 700 bar, 20 gallon - [4]. RFQ submitted 1/27/18
- In-ground storage, 2200 PSI - 14"x40' - [5]
- Low, medium, and high pressure storage options - [6]
- Pictures of storage tanks - [7]
Cryogenic Storage
- Ultra High Density
- Can be done using a Delwar, a pure hydrogen gas source, and a cheap cryocooler
- A diy cryocooler could possibly be made to reduce costs further
Storage as a Synthesized Fuel
- Convert to Methane by the Sabatier Reaction
- That can be compressed/liquified as is or it could be further converted into other fuels
- Methanol can be made from methane via the following process Listed Here
- Dimethyl Ether can be made from Methanol This Details How
- Dimethyl Ether Can be Catalytically Converted to Hydrocarbons such as Gasoline This Details How
- Hydrogen + Carbon Monoxide can be directly converted to hydrocarbons via the Fischer Tropsch Process
See Also
- Gas_Storage_in_PVC_Pipe - 10000 gal STP is 1.7 kg of hydrogen.