Silage

Bioplastics for silage bales

Brick silo, but made of burned bricks, not CEBs

Silage is the preservation of green fodder in a silo by means of anaerobic fermentation. It relies largely on lactobacilli, especially Lactobacillus plantarum and is thus similar to the way in which Sauerkraut and Kimchi are perserved.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Adv.:

• weather at harvest time largely irrelevant (make hay while the sun shines)
• often better nutrient preservation than hay.
• wide range of crops can be used (see below, "feedstocks")
• weedy harvest can be used
• large quantity of storage, for years
• no need for further processing

Disadv.:

• harvest is heavier than hay, meaning higher initial energy input is required (then again, hay has to be dried, meaning turned)
• equipment may be more expensive than that used for hay
• infrastructure for storage may have to be built (silo)
• when plastic sheets are used, there will be plastic waste that has to be recycled
• silage odor !

Suitable feedstocks

grass crops, corn (maize), sorghum, cereals (wheat, oats), beans, clover, sunflowers, ...

Applications and Product Ecology

• use as livestock fodder for ruminants (cattle, goats, sheep)
• feedstock for anaerobic digester to make biogas (popular: corn silage)
• Bioplastics to make silage bales or silage tubes
• CEBs to build vertical silo
• (speculative, unproven:) is it possible to grow maggots on silage ? (applications for aquaculture and poultry)
• there is often a nitrogen-rich liquid that drains from larger silos. It can be used as liquid fertilizer, for example to grow duckweed.

Links

• Wikipedia: Silage

Flat silo - the lactic fermentation process is finished after about 2 weeks

Silage in factory farm