Maltfield Log/2018 Q3
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My work log from the year 2018 Quarter 3. I intentionally made this verbose to make future admin's work easier when troubleshooting. The more keywords, error messages, etc that are listed in this log, the more helpful it will be for the future OSE Sysadmin.
See Also
Thr Jul 19, 2018
- interesting, osedev.org is down this morning
- hetzner shutdown our (hopefully now deprecated) hetzner1 server as requested. They said that they rebooted it into a "live-rescue" system so it could be re-enabled fast (the delay for them responding to email is like 12 hours, so I'm not sure what this buys us).
- I did an nmap scan & saw that ssh was still enabled, but using a different set of private keys. I sure hope they didn't do something stupid like leaving PermitRootLogin enabled with some shitty default password
user@ose:~$ nmap dedi978.your-server.de Starting Nmap 7.40 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2018-07-19 15:16 EDT Nmap scan report for dedi978.your-server.de (78.46.3.178) Host is up (0.19s latency). Not shown: 942 closed ports, 56 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 222/tcp open rsh-spx Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 22.70 seconds user@ose:~$
- I confirmed that all the old domains on hetzner1 are now inaccessible
- I updated our wiki article on the CHG to deprecate hetzner1 with the latest status updates https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/CHG-2018-07-06_hetzner1_deprecation
- I went to check on the status of the inventory sync by glacier.py, and the job appears to still be pending!
[root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 job list i/d 2018-07-18T22:54:13.824Z deleteMeIn2020 [root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 vault list deleteMeIn2020 [root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 archive list deleteMeIn2020 [root@hetzner2 ~]# date Thu Jul 19 20:04:51 UTC 2018 [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- I don't know why glacier.py is totally failing at displaying the inventory of our vault. Let's try the native `aws glacier` tool
[root@hetzner2 ~]# aws glacier describe-vault --account-id - --vault-name deleteMeIn2020
{
"SizeInBytes": 290416046788,
"VaultARN": "arn:aws:glacier:us-west-2:099400651767:vaults/deleteMeIn2020",
"LastInventoryDate": "2018-07-17T08:46:39.837Z",
"NumberOfArchives": 55,
"CreationDate": "2018-03-29T21:36:06.041Z",
"VaultName": "deleteMeIn2020"
}
[root@hetzner2 ~]#
- already ^ that's better than glacier.py. I did a listing of the jobs & found that my inventory retrieval succeeded
[root@hetzner2 ~]# aws glacier list-jobs --account-id - --vault-name deleteMeIn2020
{
"JobList": [
{
"CompletionDate": "2018-07-18T22:54:13.824Z",
"VaultARN": "arn:aws:glacier:us-west-2:099400651767:vaults/deleteMeIn2020",
"InventoryRetrievalParameters": {
"Format": "JSON"
},
"Completed": true,
"InventorySizeInBytes": 20532,
"JobId": "4JhNUasCqaK2UkHm2CNvrk2kEQeBgUJViT5iHJF6HimCZZIufNbCxTX3GH6lKpeVIDd4iuzzZ6Q8SvXoZo0B3shKLALb",
"Action": "InventoryRetrieval",
"CreationDate": "2018-07-18T19:09:42.415Z",
"StatusMessage": "Succeeded",
"StatusCode": "Succeeded"
}
]
}
[root@hetzner2 ~]#
- I got the job's output in json
[root@hetzner2 ~]# aws glacier get-job-output --account-id - --vault-name deleteMeIn2020 --job-id '4JhNUasCqaK2UkHm2CNvrk2kEQeBgUJViT5iHJF6HimCZZIufNbCxTX3GH6lKpeVIDd4iuzzZ6Q8SvXoZo0B3shKLALb' output.json
{
"status": 200,
"acceptRanges": "bytes",
"contentType": "application/json"
}
[root@hetzner2 ~]#
- the inventory is there! but it's not easy to read
[root@hetzner2 ~]# cat output.json
{"VaultARN":"arn:aws:glacier:us-west-2:099400651767:vaults/deleteMeIn2020","InventoryDate":"2018-07-17T08:46:39Z","ArchiveList":[{"ArchiveId":"qZJWJ57sBb9Nsz0lPGKruocLivg8SVJ40UiZznG308wSPAS0vXyoYIOJekP81YwlTmci-eWETvsy4Si2e5xYJR0oVUNLadwPVkbkPmEWI1t75fbJM_6ohrNjNkwlyWPLW-lgeOaynA","ArchiveDescription":"this is a metadata file showing the file and dir list contents of the archive of the same name","CreationDate":"2018-03-31T02:35:48Z","Size":380236,"SHA256TreeHash":"a1301459044fa4680af11d3e2d60b33a49de7e091491bd02d497bfd74945e40b"},{"ArchiveId":"lEJNkWsTF-zZ1fj_2XDVrgbTFGhthkMo0FsLyCb7EM18JrQ-SimUAhAi7HtkrTZMT-wuYSDupFGDVzh87cZlzxRXrex_9NHtTkQyp93A2gICb9zOLDViUr8gHJO6AcyN-R9j2yiIDw","ArchiveDescription":"this is a metadata file showing the file and dir list contents of the archive of the same name","CreationDate":"2018-03-31T02:50:36Z","Size":280709,"SHA256TreeHash":"3f79016e6157ff3e1c9c853337b7a3e7359a9183ae9b26f1d03c1d1c594e45ab"},{"ArchiveId":"fOeCrDHiQUrbvZoyT-jkSQH_euCAhtRcy8wetvONgUWyJBYzxM7AMmbc4YJzRuroL57hVmIUDQRHS-deAo3WG0esgBU52W2qes-47L1-VkczCpYkeGQjlNFGXaKE7ZeZ6jgZ3hBnpw","ArchiveDescription":"this is a metadata file showing the file and dir list contents of the archive of the same name","CreationDate":"2018-03-31T02:53:00Z","Size":280718,"SHA256TreeHash":"6ba4c8a93163b2d3978ae2d87f26c5ad571330ecaa9da3b6161b95074558cef4"},{"ArchiveId":"zr-OjFat_oTJ4k_bMRdczuqDL_GNBpbgTVcHYSg6N-vTWvCe9FNgxJXrFeT26eL2LiXMEpijzaretHvFdyFYQarfZZzcFr0GEEB2O4rVEjtslkGuhbHfWMIGFbQZXQgmjE9aKl4EpA","ArchiveDescription":"this is a compressed and encrypted tarball of a backup from our ose server taken at the time the archive name indicates","CreationDate":"2018-03-31T02:55:04Z","Size":1187682789,"SHA256TreeHash":"c90c696931ed1dc7cd587dc1820ddb0567a4835bd46db76c9a326215d9950c8f"},{"ArchiveId":"Rb3XtAMEDXlx4KSEZ_-OdA121VJ4jHPEPHIGr33GUJ7wbixaxIzSa5gXV-2i_7-AH-_KUCuLMQbmMPxRN7an7xmMr3PHlzdZMXQj1YTFlJC0g2BT2_F1HJf8h6IocDcR-7EJQeFTqw","ArchiveDescription":"this is a compressed and encrypted tarball of a backup from our ose server taken at the time the archive name indicates","CreationDate":"2018-03-31T02:57:50Z","Size":877058000,"SHA256TreeHash":"fdefdad19e585df8324ed25f2f52f7d98bcc368929f84dafa9a4462333af095b"},{"ArchiveId":"P9wIGNBbLaAoz7xGht6Y4k7j33nGgPmg0RQ4sesN2tImQLjFN1dtkooVGrBnQqbPt8YhgvwUXv8eO_N72KRjS3RrZQYvkGxAQ9uPcJ-zaDOG8kII7l4p7UzGfaroO63ZreHItIW4GA","ArchiveDescription":"hetzner1_20170901-052001.fileList.txt.bz2.gpg: this is a metadata file showing the file and dir list contents of the archive of the same prefix 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~]#
- some bash magic makes the json easier to parse, and we see that my test file is there, but--as I was adjusting the script--I accidentally re-uploaded it 4 and a half times. I doesn't make sense to delete these archives, and that's why I tested the first upload with the smallest one = 260KB. So this redundancy is a negligible cost https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1955505/parsing-json-with-sed-and-awk
[root@hetzner2 ~]# cat output.json | sed -e 's/[{}]/''/g' | awk -v k="text" '{n=split($0,a,","); for (i=1; i<=n; i++) print a[i]}'
"VaultARN":"arn:aws:glacier:us-west-2:099400651767:vaults/deleteMeIn2020"
"InventoryDate":"2018-07-17T08:46:39Z"
"ArchiveList":["ArchiveId":"qZJWJ57sBb9Nsz0lPGKruocLivg8SVJ40UiZznG308wSPAS0vXyoYIOJekP81YwlTmci-eWETvsy4Si2e5xYJR0oVUNLadwPVkbkPmEWI1t75fbJM_6ohrNjNkwlyWPLW-lgeOaynA"
"ArchiveDescription":"this is a metadata file showing the file and dir list contents of the archive of the same name"
"CreationDate":"2018-03-31T02:35:48Z"
"Size":380236
"SHA256TreeHash":"a1301459044fa4680af11d3e2d60b33a49de7e091491bd02d497bfd74945e40b"
...
"ArchiveId":"QwTHHmRo-NpqTTe2uy87GgB2MVydnz--3-3Z5u_0gdh5FPxEl2YSyjmJy3CKNDmJaNtrmwLeRF4_GubyZFc-CzlWl6OqZmINkCVSz34wY-k336C8HUOoKm5tPV3riSYaPb7WjjXwNQ"
"ArchiveDescription":"hetzner1_20170801-052001.tar.gpg"
"CreationDate":"2018-04-08T09:10:31Z"
"Size":41165282020
"SHA256TreeHash":"3fca81cf39f315fb2063714fffa526a533a7b3a556a6c4361a6ca3458ed66f29"
"ArchiveId":"EmeH9kAWeVAyMa68pIknrJ135ZyXKB8WcjVKGQ58cVQE4Q98SMsX1OerOA4-_Q6epBJ_hgUT7ztFQ5d6PNiPRJ3H8uUIqXG3pkve5MaeA_cqAqvu4apBhU2HgALb1iS3NKy5IRdeUg"
"ArchiveDescription":"hetzner1_20180101-062001.tar.gpg"
"CreationDate":"2018-04-08T10:22:21Z"
"Size":12517449646
"SHA256TreeHash":"27e393d0ece9cadafa5902b26e0685c4b6990a95a7a18edbce5687a2e9ed4c55"
"ArchiveId":"NX074yaGa7FGL_QH5W9-mZ9TVmi0T2428B1lW8aEck6Ydjk3H3W6pgQTisOqE9B7azs1jykJ_IL-fdbkLzhAmrpWNGJBq5hVjfMNSP-Msm976Mf7mnXe6Z6QDkO5PVXaFsNZ1EzNyw"
"ArchiveDescription":"hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.tar.gpg"
"CreationDate":"2018-07-17T00:29:47Z"
"Size":258332
"SHA256TreeHash":"7541016c23b31391157a4151d9277746585b220afdf1e980cafe205474f796d4"
"ArchiveId":"uHk-GTBb6LVulxOkgs_ZYdF-cvKubUpvdP7hoS9Cqduw8YPInJaHB4LbBHpIxOL1idfYoMm-h4YI_Jq8qN3EnOBHiAjqUEwJAstagfMEvk2E38IlNLu_5J_09E0JM7MZXc4RSEZfNA"
"ArchiveDescription":"hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt.bz2.gpg"
"CreationDate":"2018-07-17T00:35:50Z"
"Size":7277
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[root@hetzner2 ~]#
- anyway, I'm satisfied that the upload script is working. I went ahead and executed it to upload the remaining archives. Hopefully by next week I can validate that those have been uploaded too.
- ...
- continuing with duplicity, I tried to pass the '--batch --password-file' options to gpg so that I could use a 4K symmetric key file rather than enter a unicode-limited (ascii-limited?) passphrase. It didn't work. I found a bug report from 8 years ago about the issue. I asked for a status updated. https://bugs.launchpad.net/duplicity/+bug/503305
[root@hetzner2 ~]# duplicity --gpg-options '--batch --passphrase-file /root/backups/ose-backups-cron.key' /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync/hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt.bz2.gpg b2://<obfuscated>:<obfuscated>@ose-server-backups/ Local and Remote metadata are synchronized, no sync needed. Last full backup date: none GnuPG passphrase:
- that ^ ticket says the workaround is to just cat the file to a var named "PASSPHRASE"
[root@hetzner2 ~]# export PASSPHRASE="`cat /root/backups/ose-backups-cron.key`" [root@hetzner2 ~]# duplicity /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync/hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt.bz2.gpg b2://651c5dd9ed18:001d9873903a8ac3e2c9e467dc645475db8ba3495f@ose-server-backups/ Local and Remote metadata are synchronized, no sync needed. Last full backup date: none No signatures found, switching to full backup. --------------[ Backup Statistics ]-------------- StartTime 1532034857.35 (Thu Jul 19 21:14:17 2018) EndTime 1532034857.35 (Thu Jul 19 21:14:17 2018) ElapsedTime 0.00 (0.00 seconds) SourceFiles 1 SourceFileSize 7642 (7.46 KB) NewFiles 1 NewFileSize 7642 (7.46 KB) DeletedFiles 0 ChangedFiles 0 ChangedFileSize 0 (0 bytes) ChangedDeltaSize 0 (0 bytes) DeltaEntries 1 RawDeltaSize 7642 (7.46 KB) TotalDestinationSizeChange 7873 (7.69 KB) Errors 0 ------------------------------------------------- [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- ^ that appears to have worked. I'll attempt a restore next week.
Wed Jul 18, 2018
- hetzner got back to be again about hetzner1; they said they can turn off the server, but we have no means to toggle the power state in konsoleH. I told them to turn it off, but to be sure to leave it idle/unused so that we can power it on incase we discover any issues. I told them to *not* cancel the contract, but that we would do so after we discovered that nothing broke on our end with the server offline.
- I could probably have them type a set of iptables rules in for me, but the lag time for each back-and-forth with hetzner is 24 hours. So if there were any issues with the iptables rules, it could take days to resolve. It's much easier to say "turn on/off the server" than to instruct them on iptables rules. The benefits of iptables are the low-impact of its action & quick reversal with the rules flush `iptables -F`. But that benefit negated by this delay, so I'll just stick to "turn it off" and "turn it on" requests.
- meanwhile, as far as the backups of hetzner1. The first archive is still being validated. It looks like the job to snc the vault's contents finished, but it's still listed as empty!
[root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 job list [root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 vault list deleteMeIn2020 [root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 archive list deleteMeIn2020 [root@hetzner2 ~]# date Wed Jul 18 18:44:14 UTC 2018 [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- I logged into the aws console, which shows that there's 55 archives with 270.5G as of the last inventory of Jul 17, 2018 4:46:39 AM
- perhaps the issue is that I just initiated the sync job before the archive
- I checked my logs from when I was working with glacier.py in the past on hancock, and tried those commands, but it also returned an empty set https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Maltfield_Log/2018_Q1#Sat_Mar_31.2C_2018
hancock% cd ~/sandbox/glacier-cli hancock% export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID='CHANGME' hancock% export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY='CHANGEME' hancock% /home/marcin_ose/.local/lib/aws/bin/python ./glacier.py archive list deleteMeIn2020 hancock%
- following the documentation page I wrote, I tried again. This time using the '--max-age=0' arg omitted last time https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/OSE_Server
[root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 vault sync --max-age=0 --wait deleteMeIn2020
Tue Jul 17, 2018
- hetzner got back to me asking about dropping all non-ssh traffic via iptables. They advised me against it saying there was no security benefit to doing so (lol) , and said I had no means of doing it without their assistance. I responded saying that we indeed _do_ want to drop all non-ssh traffic with iptables as it's part of our decommissioning process. I asked what options I had based on our needs.
Hi Emanuel, Yes, we would like to block all non-ssh traffic to the server, not just some subset of services such as databases. We are in the process of decommissioning this server. We believe that we have finished migrating all necessary services off of this server. To be safe, I would like to leave the server in an online state with all non-ssh traffic blocked via iptables for about a month prior to canceling its contract. I prefer iptables because--if we discover that something breaks after we drop all non-ssh traffic--we can merely flush the iptables rules or stop the iptables service to fully restore the server to its prior state. The next best option would be to turn the server off, but I saw no means to control firewall rules or even toggle the power on the server from konsoleH. Is there a way to enable a firewall on this server or turn it off for about a month before we cancel its contract? Or is there some other option we have for making this server entirely inaccessible to the Internet (other than ssh), but such that we can easily restore the server to its prior fully-functioning state if we discover a need for it? Thank you, Michael Altfield Senior System Administrator PGP Fingerprint: 8A4B 0AF8 162F 3B6A 79B7 70D2 AA3E DF71 60E2 D97B Open Source Ecology www.opensourceecology.org On 07/17/2018 03:34 AM, Managed Server Support wrote: > Dear Mr. Jakubowski > > Closing all ports on the managed server is barely not possible. There is no need for security reasons to do this. We cant disable the MySQL and PostgreSQL port if you want so. > >> Please tell me how I can configure iptables on our server to obtain the >> above requirements. > You cant do this by your own. > > > If we can be of any further assistance, please let us know. > > > Mit freundlichen Grüßen / Kind regards > > Emanuel Wiesner > > Hetzner Online GmbH > Industriestr. 25 > 91710 Gunzenhausen / Germany > Tel: +49 9831 505-0 > Fax: +49 9831 505-3 > www.hetzner.com > > Registergericht Ansbach, HRB 6089 > Geschäftsführer: Martin Hetzner > > 16.07.2018 20:51 - elifarley@opensourceecology.org marcin@opensourceecology.org catarina@openmaterials.org tom.griffing@gmail.com michael@opensourceecology.org schrieb: >
- I tried to get a listing of the archives in the glacier vault, but it was still empty. it looks like the inventory job is still pending (since 15 hours ago)..
[root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 vault list deleteMeIn2020 [root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 archive list deleteMeIn2020 [root@hetzner2 ~]# [root@hetzner2 ~]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 job list i/d 2018-07-17T04:28:46.003Z deleteMeIn2020 [root@hetzner2 ~]# date Tue Jul 17 19:32:59 UTC 2018 [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- ...
- marcin got back to me about Janus. He said he couldn't get jangouts to work. I tried, and I get the error "Janus error: Probably a network error, is the gateway down?: [object Object] Do you want to reload in order to retry?". I think this is because the janus gateway is still running on the old self-signed cert, instead of the let's encrypt cert (which I did setup nginx to use)
- I changed the certs in both files at /opt/janus/etc/janus/{janus.cfg,janus.transport.http.cfg}
[root@ip-172-31-28-115 janus]# date Tue Jul 17 20:03:50 UTC 2018 [root@ip-172-31-28-115 janus]# pwd /opt/janus/etc/janus [root@ip-172-31-28-115 janus]# grep 'cert_' *.cfg janus.cfg:;cert_pem = /opt/janus/share/janus/certs/mycert.pem janus.cfg:;cert_key = /opt/janus/share/janus/certs/mycert.key janus.cfg:cert_pem = /etc/letsencrypt/live/jangouts.opensourceecology.org/fullchain.pem; janus.cfg:cert_key = /etc/letsencrypt/live/jangouts.opensourceecology.org/privkey.pem; janus.cfg:;cert_pwd = secretpassphrase janus.transport.http.cfg:;cert_pem = /opt/janus/share/janus/certs/mycert.pem janus.transport.http.cfg:;cert_key = /opt/janus/share/janus/certs/mycert.key janus.transport.http.cfg:cert_pem = /etc/letsencrypt/live/jangouts.opensourceecology.org/fullchain.pem; janus.transport.http.cfg:cert_key = /etc/letsencrypt/live/jangouts.opensourceecology.org/privkey.pem; janus.transport.http.cfg:;cert_pwd = secretpassphrase [root@ip-172-31-28-115 janus]#
- ...
- I'm still downloading the OSE Linux iso image (going on a few days of connecting, disconnecting, & re-continuing the `wget -c`). This sort of thing can lead to corruption, but we don't have any checksums published. Thus, I updated our OSE Linux wiki article, adding a TODO item for checksum files and cryptographic signature files of those checksum files, per the standard used by debian & ubuntu https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/OSE_Linux#Hashes_.26_Signatures
- I sent Christian an email about this request
- ...
- I checked the `tail -f` I left open on the /var/log/maillog since adding the IPv6 PTR = RDNS entry in attempt to resolve the bounced emails when sending to gmail users from our wiki. It appears that this issue has not re-occured since I started monitoring this 5 days ago
- there was one line that repeated many dozen times over those 5 days with 'status=bounced', and it looks like this; not sure if this is an issue or what caused it
Jul 13 06:20:10 hetzner2 postfix/local[6631]: D087E681EA6: to=<root@hetzner2.opensourceecology.org>, relay=local, delay=0.01, delays=0.01/0/0/0.01, dsn=5.2.0, status=bounced (can't create user output file. Command output: procmail: Couldn't create "/var/spool/mail/nobody" )
- ugh, actually, that last entry was 4 days ago. So the tail stopped producing output after 1 day.
- I did a better test: grepping (or zgrepping, for the compressed files) for blocked (removing the unrelated issue as pointed out above). From this test, it's very clear that there was many issues with google bouncing our emails per day, but then (after my change), the issue ceased.
[root@hetzner2 log]# grep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180717 | grep -vi 'create user output file' [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180716.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180715.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180714.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180713.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180712.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180711.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' Jul 10 19:26:05 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[19740]: 2E818681EA6: to=<michael@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c06::1a]:25, delay=0.55, delays=0.02/0/0.09/0.43, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c06::1a] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . y47-v6si14908216wrd.389 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) Jul 10 19:26:05 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[19741]: 31112681DE7: to=<marcin@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c0b::1b]:25, delay=0.6, delays=0.02/0/0.08/0.49, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c0b::1b] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . a9-v6si71749wme.40 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) Jul 10 19:26:06 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[19740]: B3CB1681EA4: to=<noreply@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c06::1a]:25, delay=0.55, delays=0.01/0/0.05/0.48, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c06::1a] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . t9-v6si9165105wrq.111 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) Jul 10 19:26:45 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[19740]: 324DB681EA6: to=<michael@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c0b::1b]:25, delay=0.26, delays=0.02/0/0.05/0.19, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c0b::1b] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . a4-v6si49801wmc.231 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) Jul 10 19:26:45 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[19741]: 718C1681DE9: to=<noreply@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c08::1b]:25, delay=0.2, delays=0.01/0/0.05/0.14, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c08::1b] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . 89-v6si9030402wrl.156 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) Jul 10 20:09:22 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[25087]: 1C819681EA4: to=<michael@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c07::1a]:25, delay=0.37, delays=0.02/0/0.09/0.26, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c07::1a] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . o83-v6si104445wmo.206 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) Jul 10 20:21:03 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[27148]: 9622F681EA6: to=<michael@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c06::1b]:25, delay=0.49, delays=0.02/0/0.06/0.41, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c06::1b] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . g2-v6si121400wmc.195 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) Jul 10 20:21:03 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[27149]: 17F89681DE9: to=<noreply@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c00::1b]:25, delay=0.17, delays=0.01/0/0.05/0.11, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c00::1b] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . o16-v6si139472wme.45 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) [root@hetzner2 log]#
- going back further, days we see that this did happen 'nearly' every day between 0-51 times per day
[root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180711.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 8 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180710.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 19 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180709.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 9 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180708.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 20 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180707.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 51 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180706.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 27 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180705.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 10 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180704.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 13 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180703.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 15 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180702.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 0 [root@hetzner2 log]# zgrep -i 'status=bounced' maillog-20180701.gz | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l 0 [root@hetzner2 log]#
- a better test of all the files shows 0-101 of these errors happening per day over the past 31 days. 11/31 days had no errors.
[root@hetzner2 log]# date Tue Jul 17 21:10:42 UTC 2018 [root@hetzner2 log]# pwd /var/log [root@hetzner2 log]# for file in $(ls -1 maillog*.gz); do echo $file; zcat $file | grep -i 'status=bounced' | grep -vi 'create user output file' | wc -l; done maillog-20180616.gz 87 maillog-20180617.gz 57 maillog-20180618.gz 14 maillog-20180619.gz 37 maillog-20180620.gz 0 maillog-20180621.gz 0 maillog-20180622.gz 4 maillog-20180623.gz 48 maillog-20180624.gz 68 maillog-20180625.gz 5 maillog-20180626.gz 0 maillog-20180627.gz 20 maillog-20180628.gz 101 maillog-20180629.gz 9 maillog-20180630.gz 0 maillog-20180701.gz 0 maillog-20180702.gz 0 maillog-20180703.gz 15 maillog-20180704.gz 13 maillog-20180705.gz 10 maillog-20180706.gz 27 maillog-20180707.gz 51 maillog-20180708.gz 20 maillog-20180709.gz 9 maillog-20180710.gz 19 maillog-20180711.gz 8 maillog-20180712.gz 0 maillog-20180713.gz 0 maillog-20180714.gz 0 maillog-20180715.gz 0 maillog-20180716.gz 0 [root@hetzner2 log]#
- this test should probably be re-done in 31 days. If it's all 0s, then I think we can say the problem has been resolved.
- ...
- I reset the backblaze@opensourceecology.org account's password, stored it to keepass, created an account on backblaze.com using this email address, and stored _that_ to keepass.
- I logged into backblaze, and the first fucking thing they say is that we need to associate the account with a phone #. The reason I use a shared email address is in case they want to use 2FA via email. 2FA via phone doesn't work between Marcin & Myself (or other sysadmins). Not to mention that 2FA over SMS is fucking stupidly insecure. And I don't have a fucking phone to being with! https://help.backblaze.com/hc/en-us/articles/218513467-Mobile-Phone-Verification-for-B2-
- I went to send Backblaze an email asking if I can use their service with TOTP instead of the fucking security theater of 2FA over sms, but I couldn't send it without first solving a captcha. Of course, I block all google domains in my browser, so I had to switch to an ephemeral vm just to use their account. God damn it, this is not a great first experience.
Hi, Our org is looking to switch from Glacier to B2 for our daily 15G of server backups, but I do not have a phone number. How can I use Backblaze B2? We use 2FA for most of our accounts where possible, but we use TOTP (time-based one time passwords), a very well accepted standard which is supported by many open source apps (ie: andOTP, FreeOTP, Google Authenticator, etc). In fact, 2FA over SMS (or email) is a horrible idea as it sends the token through an insecure medium. Indeed, it is trivial to intercept a message over SMS or email. I do not own a phone number. Moreover, we're a geographically dispersed team; if I registered this account with one of my coworker's phone numbers, how would I be able to login when their phone in Germany or rural Missouri or Austin has the token I need to login? Please let me know if it's possible for me to use this service for our backups without a phone number. Thank you, Michael Altfield Senior System Administrator PGP Fingerprint: 8A4B 0AF8 162F 3B6A 79B7 70D2 AA3E DF71 60E2 D97B Open Source Ecology www.opensourceecology.org
- I read some scary things about limits to file extensions and low max file sizes on backblaze reviews. This applies to the desktop service only. The cloud (B2) service file size limit is 10T, which is well within our requirements https://www.backblaze.com/b2/docs/large_files.html
- like amazon, large files do need to be uploaded in parts. I avoided this api hell by using glacier.py. It does appear that the backblaze python cli tool only has a simple 'upload-file' function, which abstracts the multi-part upload api calls for you https://www.backblaze.com/b2/docs/quick_command_line.html
- backblaze got back to me stating that the phone number is required, but that we can switch to TOTP after registering a phone number. That works I guess, though their incompetence is still showing..
- I added my google hangouts number to the account, then changed 2FA to disable 2FA via sms & enable 2FA via TOTP. I added the totp secret key to keepass with 10 pre-gen'd tokens.
- fucking hell. I went to test it by logging into my account from another vm. It let me login without entering any tokens! I confirmed that 2fa settings say to use it "Every time I sign in". Fail.
- not only does that show Backblaze's incompetence by totally bypassing our 2FA settings, but it also means that I can't validate that my 2FA token on my phone (and backed-up to keepass) is valid. So as soon as I log off on both VMs, and try to login later when it _does_ require me to enter a token, I could have locked myself out.
- the only reason I'm still considering using BackBlaze is because all of our data shipped to them will be encrypted. Therefore, they can be security dumdums (but advertise to be gurus; fucking marketing) and it doesn't affect us (this is very important data, though). As long as they stay durable (they claim 99.999999999%) https://www.backblaze.com/security.html
- actually, if I'm running their shitty code as root, that's an issue. It may be a good idea to have the upload be performed by a lower-privileged backblaze user after encryption by root.
- I thought maybe I could get past this with duplicity, but it turns out that duplicity just uses the b2 api. https://bazaar.launchpad.net/~duplicity-team/duplicity/0.8-series/view/head:/duplicity/backends/b2backend.py
- duplicity has included b2 support since 0.7.12, and I confirmed that this is already in the yum repo
[maltfield@hetzner2 ~]$ sudo yum install duplicity ... ============================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================== Installing: duplicity x86_64 0.7.17-1.el7 epel 553 k Installing for dependencies: PyYAML x86_64 3.10-11.el7 base 153 k librsync x86_64 1.0.0-1.el7 epel 53 k libyaml x86_64 0.1.4-11.el7_0 base 55 k ncftp x86_64 2:3.2.5-7.el7 epel 340 k pexpect noarch 2.3-11.el7 base 142 k python-GnuPGInterface noarch 0.3.2-11.el7 epel 26 k python-fasteners noarch 0.9.0-2.el7 epel 35 k python-httplib2 noarch 0.9.2-1.el7 extras 115 k python-lockfile noarch 1:0.9.1-4.el7.centos extras 28 k python-paramiko noarch 2.1.1-4.el7 extras 268 k python2-PyDrive noarch 1.3.1-3.el7 epel 49 k python2-gflags noarch 2.0-5.el7 epel 61 k python2-google-api-client noarch 1.6.3-1.el7 epel 87 k python2-keyring noarch 5.0-3.el7 epel 115 k python2-oauth2client noarch 4.0.0-2.el7 epel 144 k python2-pyasn1-modules noarch 0.1.9-7.el7 base 59 k python2-uritemplate noarch 3.0.0-1.el7 epel 18 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package (+17 Dependent packages) Total download size: 2.2 M Installed size: 9.4 M ... [maltfield@hetzner2 ~]$
- did some more research about duplicity + b2
- https://help.backblaze.com/hc/en-us/articles/115001518354-How-to-configure-Backblaze-B2-with-Duplicity-on-Linux
- https://www.loganmarchione.com/2017/07/backblaze-b2-backup-setup/
- the benefit here is that (as the second link above shows) we can have duplicity make small incremental backups all month, then just do a full backup after 30 days. It also does encryption for you using gpg.
- the disadvantage is dependency on duplicity. If someone doesn't know duplicity, they'll probably just login to the backblaze wui (where you can download files directly using your web browser), but this data (incrementals anyway) will be useless unless they use the duplicity tool
- I would be less concerned about this if we could make the backups from the 1st of every month be a complete backup.
- if we use duplicity with incrementals, then it necessarily uses a lot of temp space on the server; this is even listed as a common complaint in there 2-question FAQ http://duplicity.nongnu.org/FAQ.html
- another disadvantage is that duplicity (which does both the encryption & upload) would necessarily execute the b2 api code as root. But if I hacked it into my script, I could encrypt as root then call the backblaze cli tool as an underprivliged user
- spent some time reading up on the duplicity manual http://duplicity.nongnu.org/duplicity.1.html
- I do think it's better to reuse a popular tool like duplicity rather than recreating the wheel here, so I'll give it a try
[root@hetzner2 ~]# yum install duplicity ... Complete! [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- I created a bucket named 'ose-server-backups'
- expecting failure, I tried to upload to b2
[root@hetzner2 sync]# duplicity hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt.bz2.gpg b2://<obfuscated>:<obfuscated>@ose-server-backups/ BackendException: B2 backend requires B2 Python APIs (pip install b2) [root@hetzner2 sync]# pip install b2 -bash: pip: command not found [root@hetzner2 sync]#
- I installed pip (python2-pip)
[root@hetzner2 sync]# yum install python-pip Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, replace Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.wiuwiu.de * epel: mirror.wiuwiu.de * extras: mirror.wiuwiu.de * updates: mirror.wiuwiu.de * webtatic: uk.repo.webtatic.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package python2-pip.noarch 0:8.1.2-6.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================== Installing: python2-pip noarch 8.1.2-6.el7 epel 1.7 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package Total download size: 1.7 M Installed size: 7.2 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: python2-pip-8.1.2-6.el7.noarch.rpm | 1.7 MB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : python2-pip-8.1.2-6.el7.noarch 1/1 Verifying : python2-pip-8.1.2-6.el7.noarch 1/1 Installed: python2-pip.noarch 0:8.1.2-6.el7 Complete! [root@hetzner2 sync]#
- unsurprisingly, shitty pip failed
[root@hetzner2 sync]# pip install b2 Collecting b2 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c2/1c/c52039c3c3dcc3d1a9725cef7523c4b50abbb967068a1ea40f28cd9978f5/b2-1.2.0.tar.gz (99kB) 100% || 102kB 4.5MB/s Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info: setuptools 20.2 or later is required. To fix, try running: pip install "setuptools>=20.2" ---------------------------------------- Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-7XvsdJ/b2/ You are using pip version 8.1.2, however version 10.0.1 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command. [root@hetzner2 sync]#
- the upgrade worked
[root@hetzner2 sync]# pip install --upgrade pip Collecting pip Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0f/74/ecd13431bcc456ed390b44c8a6e917c1820365cbebcb6a8974d1cd045ab4/pip-10.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB) 100% || 1.3MB 1.2MB/s Installing collected packages: pip Found existing installation: pip 8.1.2 Uninstalling pip-8.1.2: Successfully uninstalled pip-8.1.2 Successfully installed pip-10.0.1 [root@hetzner2 sync]#
- but it still failed again
[root@hetzner2 sync]# pip install b2 Collecting b2 Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c2/1c/c52039c3c3dcc3d1a9725cef7523c4b50abbb967068a1ea40f28cd9978f5/b2-1.2.0.tar.gz Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info: setuptools 20.2 or later is required. To fix, try running: pip install "setuptools>=20.2" ---------------------------------------- Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-mCAFuT/b2/ [root@hetzner2 sync]#
- preferring the system's package manager over pip, I tried to install setuptools, but it was already installed
[root@hetzner2 sync]# yum install python-setuptools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, replace Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.wiuwiu.de * epel: mirror.wiuwiu.de * extras: mirror.wiuwiu.de * updates: mirror.wiuwiu.de * webtatic: uk.repo.webtatic.com Package python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Nothing to do [root@hetzner2 sync]#
- biting my lip in anxious fear, I proceeded with the install of setuptools from pip
[root@hetzner2 sync]# pip install "setuptools>=20.2" Collecting setuptools>=20.2 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ff/f4/385715ccc461885f3cedf57a41ae3c12b5fec3f35cce4c8706b1a112a133/setuptools-40.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (567kB) 100% || 573kB 11.7MB/s Installing collected packages: setuptools Found existing installation: setuptools 0.9.8 Uninstalling setuptools-0.9.8: Successfully uninstalled setuptools-0.9.8 Successfully installed setuptools-40.0.0 [root@hetzner2 sync]#
- this made it further, but still failed
[root@hetzner2 sync]# pip install b2 Collecting b2 Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c2/1c/c52039c3c3dcc3d1a9725cef7523c4b50abbb967068a1ea40f28cd9978f5/b2-1.2.0.tar.gz Collecting arrow<0.12.1,>=0.8.0 (from b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/90/48/7ecfce4f2830f59dfacbb2b5a31e3ff1112b731a413724be40f57faa4450/arrow-0.12.0.tar.gz (89kB) 100% || 92kB 2.3MB/s Collecting logfury>=0.1.2 (from b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/55/71/c70df1ef41721b554c91982ebde423a5cf594261aa5132e39ade9196fa3b/logfury-0.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting requests>=2.9.1 (from b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/65/47/7e02164a2a3db50ed6d8a6ab1d6d60b69c4c3fdf57a284257925dfc12bda/requests-2.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (91kB) 100% || 92kB 3.4MB/s Collecting six>=1.10 (from b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/67/4b/141a581104b1f6397bfa78ac9d43d8ad29a7ca43ea90a2d863fe3056e86a/six-1.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting tqdm>=4.5.0 (from b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/93/24/6ab1df969db228aed36a648a8959d1027099ce45fad67532b9673d533318/tqdm-4.23.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (42kB) 100% || 51kB 6.9MB/s Collecting futures>=3.0.5 (from b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/2d/99/b2c4e9d5a30f6471e410a146232b4118e697fa3ffc06d6a65efde84debd0/futures-3.2.0-py2-none-any.whl Collecting python-dateutil (from arrow<0.12.1,>=0.8.0->b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/cf/f5/af2b09c957ace60dcfac112b669c45c8c97e32f94aa8b56da4c6d1682825/python_dateutil-2.7.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (211kB) 100% || 215kB 4.4MB/s Collecting backports.functools_lru_cache==1.2.1 (from arrow<0.12.1,>=0.8.0->b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d1/0e/c473e3c37c34fea699d85d5b9e3caf712813c4cd2dcc0a5a64ec2a6867f7/backports.functools_lru_cache-1.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting funcsigs (from logfury>=0.1.2->b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/69/cb/f5be453359271714c01b9bd06126eaf2e368f1fddfff30818754b5ac2328/funcsigs-1.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17 (from requests>=2.9.1->b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7c/e6/92ad559b7192d846975fc916b65f667c7b8c3a32bea7372340bfe9a15fa5/certifi-2018.4.16-py2.py3-none-any.whl (150kB) 100% || 153kB 5.4MB/s Collecting chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 (from requests>=2.9.1->b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/bc/a9/01ffebfb562e4274b6487b4bb1ddec7ca55ec7510b22e4c51f14098443b8/chardet-3.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (133kB) 100% || 143kB 5.5MB/s Collecting urllib3<1.24,>=1.21.1 (from requests>=2.9.1->b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/bd/c9/6fdd990019071a4a32a5e7cb78a1d92c53851ef4f56f62a3486e6a7d8ffb/urllib3-1.23-py2.py3-none-any.whl (133kB) 100% || 143kB 5.9MB/s Collecting idna<2.8,>=2.5 (from requests>=2.9.1->b2) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4b/2a/0276479a4b3caeb8a8c1af2f8e4355746a97fab05a372e4a2c6a6b876165/idna-2.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58kB) 100% || 61kB 7.4MB/s Installing collected packages: six, python-dateutil, backports.functools-lru-cache, arrow, funcsigs, logfury, certifi, chardet, urllib3, idna, requests, tqdm, futures, b2 Found existing installation: six 1.9.0 Uninstalling six-1.9.0: Successfully uninstalled six-1.9.0 Running setup.py install for arrow ... done Found existing installation: chardet 2.2.1 Uninstalling chardet-2.2.1: Successfully uninstalled chardet-2.2.1 Found existing installation: urllib3 1.10.2 Uninstalling urllib3-1.10.2: Successfully uninstalled urllib3-1.10.2 Found existing installation: idna 2.4 Uninstalling idna-2.4: Successfully uninstalled idna-2.4 Found existing installation: requests 2.6.0 Cannot uninstall 'requests'. It is a distutils installed project and thus we cannot accurately determine which files belong to it which would lead to only a partial uninstall. [root@hetzner2 sync]#
- found the backend before it was integrated into duplicity https://github.com/matthewbentley/duplicity_b2
- I decided to just install from git (meh) https://www.backblaze.com/b2/docs/quick_command_line.html
[root@hetzner2 sandbox]# git clone https://github.com/Backblaze/B2_Command_Line_Tool.git Cloning into 'B2_Command_Line_Tool'... remote: Counting objects: 5605, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (134/134), done. remote: Total 5605 (delta 191), reused 188 (delta 129), pack-reused 5341 Receiving objects: 100% (5605/5605), 1.45 MiB | 2.36 MiB/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (4005/4005), done. [root@hetzner2 sandbox]# cd B2_Command_Line_Tool/ [root@hetzner2 B2_Command_Line_Tool]# python setup.py install ... Finished processing dependencies for b2==1.2.1 [root@hetzner2 B2_Command_Line_Tool]#
- that appears to have worked, but now it's asking me for a passphrase for pgp symmetric encryption. I want to use a key file as input, but all the pgp file options appear to be for asymmetric encryption via a public key specified by argument. that's not what I want!
[root@hetzner2 sandbox]# duplicity /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync/hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt.bz2.gpg b2://<obfuscate>:<obfuscated>@ose-server-backups/ Local and Remote metadata are synchronized, no sync needed. Last full backup date: none GnuPG passphrase:
Mon Jul 16, 2018
- hetzner responded to my query about the absolute paths for our addon domains. They concluded that none of the directories actually exist anymore. That's not good for data retention, but at least we don't have to worry about backing them up.
Dear Mr Altfield The absolute path for your accounts public_html is: /usr/www/users/osemain This is displayed as "/" in konsoleH's Document Root. All Addon-Domains are listed below this path, assuming "/addon" as Document root, this would be "/usr/www/users/osemain/addon" I regret to say, none of your document roots are existing anymore, you may deleted them. So please re-upload your data and re-set your document roots. If we can be of any further assistance, please let us know. Mit freundlichen Grüßen / Kind regards Emanuel Wiesner
- we still do probably want to backup the home directories of these addon domains. logging into konsoleH & clicking on each addon domain, then Services -> Access Details -> Login gave username & passwords for login
- the 'addontest.opensourceecology.org' addon domain's user was 'addon'. It had a password, but the default shell was /bin/false. Therefore, ssh-ing in did not work on this account
user@ose:~$ ssh addon@dedi978.your-server.deaddon@dedi978.your-server.de's password: bin/false: No such file or directory Connection to dedi978.your-server.de closed. user@ose:~$
- the 'holla.opensourceecology.org' addon domain's user was 'oseholla'. This account's shell was also /bin/false.
- the 'irc.opensourceecology.org' addon domain's user was 'oseirc'. This account's shell was also /bin/false.
- the 'opensourcwarehouse.org' addon domain's user was 'openswh'. This account's shell was also /bin/false.
- the 'sandbox.opensourceecology.org' addon domain's user was 'sandbox'. This account's shell was also /bin/false.
- the 'survey.opensourceecology.org' addon domain's user was 'osesurv'. This account's shell is /bin/bash. It's the only one that I can actually log into, and it's the one that I already backed-up
- I scp'd the home dir backup of osesurv that I created July 11th to hetzner2:/var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv_20180711-165315_home.tar.bz2
- now I have all the backups of all home dirs, web roots, and databases stashed on hetzner2 ready for encrytion, metadata/cataloging & upload to glacier.
[root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]# date Mon Jul 16 18:51:55 UTC 2018 [root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]# pwd /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1 [root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]# ls -lahR .: total 32K drwx------ 8 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:29 . drwxrwxrwt. 52 root root 4.0K Jul 15 02:08 .. drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 11 18:13 microft drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 11 18:04 oseblog drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 6 23:38 osecivi drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 6 23:47 oseforum drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 11 17:48 osemain drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:38 osesurv ./microft: total 6.2G drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 11 18:13 . drwx------ 8 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:29 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 1.4G Jul 11 18:12 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_home.tar.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 523K Jul 11 18:12 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_mysqldump-microft_db2.20180706-234228.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 1.3M Jul 11 18:12 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_mysqldump-microft_drupal1.20180706-234228.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 3.3G Jul 11 18:13 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_mysqldump-microft_wiki.20180706-234228.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 1.7G Jul 11 18:14 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_webroot.tar.bz2 ./oseblog: total 4.4G drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 11 18:04 . drwx------ 8 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:29 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 1.2G Jul 11 18:01 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052_home.tar.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 135M Jul 11 18:01 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052_mysqldump-oseblog.20180706-234052.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 3.1G Jul 11 18:02 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052_webroot.tar.bz2 ./osecivi: total 15M drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 6 23:38 . drwx------ 8 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:29 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 2.3M Jul 6 23:38 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_home.tar.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 1.1M Jul 6 23:38 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_mysqldump-osecivi.20180706-233128.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 173K Jul 6 23:38 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_mysqldump-osedrupal.20180706-233128.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 12M Jul 6 23:38 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_webroot.tar.bz2 ./oseforum: total 955M drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 6 23:47 . drwx------ 8 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:29 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 853M Jul 6 23:47 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_home.tar.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 46M Jul 6 23:47 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_mysqldump-oseforum.20180706-230007.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 57M Jul 6 23:47 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_webroot.tar.bz2 ./osemain: total 3.3G drwxrwxr-x 2 maltfield maltfield 4.0K Jul 11 17:48 . drwx------ 8 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:29 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 2.9G Jul 11 17:48 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_home.tar.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 1.2M Jul 11 17:48 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-openswh.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 187K Jul 11 17:48 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-ose_fef.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 157K Jul 11 17:48 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-osesurv.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 14 Jul 11 17:48 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-ose_website.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 203M Jul 11 17:48 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-osewiki.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 212M Jul 11 17:48 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_webroot.tar.bz2 ./osesurv: total 260K drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:38 . drwx------ 8 root root 4.0K Jul 16 18:29 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 maltfield maltfield 252K Jul 16 18:37 final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv_20180711-165315_home.tar.bz2 [root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]# du -sh 15G . [root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]#
- I clicked around on the hetzner kosoleH wui to see if I could configure a firewall or shutdown the server. I found nothing. So I created a new support request with hetzner asking how I could configure a firewall that would drop all incoming & outgoing tcp & upp traffic except [a] ESTABLISHED/RELATED connections and [b] tcp traffic destined for port 222 (ssh).
- I re-purposed (with heavy modifications) the 'uploadToGlacier.sh' script as was used on dreamhost's hancock. It's now at hetzner2:/root/bin/uploadToGlacier.sh. First I'll run it for the backupDirs="var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv". If that goes fine, then I'll run it with all the other dirs listed. This script should encrypt the archives, create a metadata fileList (also encrypted) and upload both to glacier for each of the "backupDirs" I list.
- the first upload to glacier appears to have been successful. I'll wait until I can sync the archive list in the glacier vault as a test to ensure that it absolutely worked before I use the script to upload the remaining archives later this week
[root@hetzner2 bin]# date
Tue Jul 17 00:35:46 UTC 2018
[root@hetzner2 bin]# ./uploadToGlacier.sh
+ backupDirs=/var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv
+ syncDir=/var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync/
+ encryptionKeyFilePath=/root/backups/ose-backups-cron.key
+ export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<obfuscated>
+ AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<obfuscated>
+ export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<obfuscated>
+ AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<obfuscated>
++ echo /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv
+ for dir in '$(echo $backupDirs)'
++ basename /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv
+ archiveName=hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv
++ date -u --rfc-3339=seconds
+ timestamp='2018-07-17 00:35:48+00:00'
+ fileListFilePath=/var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt
+ archiveFilePath=/var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.tar
+ echo ================================================================================
+ echo 'This file is metadata for the archive '\hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv'\. In it, we list all the files included in the compressed/encrypted archive (produced using '\ls -lahR /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv'\), including the files within the tarballs within the archive (produced using '\find /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv -type f -exec tar -tvf '\{}'\ \; '\)'
+ echo ''
+ echo 'This archive was made as a backup of the files and databases that were previously used on hetnzer1 prior to migrating to hetzner2 in 2018. Before we cancelled our contract for hetzner1, this backup was made & put on glacier for long-term storage in-case we learned later that we missed some content on the migration. Form more information, please see the following link:
echo ' aws glacier.py letsencrypt uploadToGlacier.sh uploadToGlacier.sh.20180716.orig 'https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/CHG-2018-07-06_hetzner1_deprecation
echo
echo >> /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt
echo ' - Michael Altfield Note: this file was generated at 2018-07-17 '00:35:48+00:00 >> /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt
echo ================================================================================ >> /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt
echo ############################# >> /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt
echo #' 'ls -lahR' output follows
./uploadToGlacier.sh: line 43: maltfield@opensourceecology.org: No such file or directory
+ echo '#############################'
+ ls -lahR /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv
+ echo ================================================================================
+ echo '############################'
+ echo '# tarball contents follows #'
+ echo '############################'
+ find /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv -type f -exec tar -tvf '{}' ';'
+ echo ================================================================================
+ bzip2 /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt
+ gpg --symmetric --cipher-algo aes --batch --passphrase-file /root/backups/ose-backups-cron.key /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt.bz2
+ rm /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt
rm: cannot remove ‘/var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt’: No such file or directory
+ /root/bin/glacier.py --region us-west-2 archive upload deleteMeIn2020 /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt.bz2.gpg
+ 0 -eq 0
+ rm -f /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.fileList.txt.bz2.gpg
+ tar -cvf /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.tar /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv/
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
/var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv/
/var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osesurv/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv_20180711-165315_home.tar.bz2
+ gpg --symmetric --cipher-algo aes --batch --passphrase-file /root/backups/ose-backups-cron.key /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.tar
+ rm /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.tar
+ /root/bin/glacier.py --region us-west-2 archive upload deleteMeIn2020 /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.tar.gpg
+ 0 -eq 0
+ rm -f /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/sync//hetzner1_final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osesurv.tar.gpg
[root@hetzner2 bin]#
- I initiated a `--wait`-ing vault sync with glacier.py
[root@hetzner2 sync]# glacier.py --region us-west-2 vault sync --wait deleteMeIn2020
- ..
- I did some digging into reviews comparing cloud storage providers against Backblaze B2. Namely AWS Glacier & s3. The issue with glacier & s3 is that they impose a minimum storage time. That totally breaks our delete-daily-uploads-after-3-days model, and makes a _huge_ difference in GB stored per month and, therefore, the annual bill. For amazon, we'd be charged for having 30 days * 15G = 450 GB minimum. For Backblaze, we'd be able to delete after 3 days, so we only have ~45G stored. Because Backblaze is only slightly more expensive than glacier, that could be a ~8-10x difference in cost!
- unfortunately, many of the reviews I found on Backblaze talked about them as an "unlimited storage for a single computer" service. I'm not sure this is the product that would apply to our server..
- https://www.cloudwards.net/azure-vs-amazon-s3-vs-google-vs-backblaze-b2/#one
- this one listed Amazon over B2 because of their security. We don't give a shit about their security because we're just encrypting it before uploading it anyway! TNO! B2 beat AWS regarding cost, with no major cons that I could see on this review.
- backblaze does have a CLI tool, but everything they offer appears to target windows & mac. There is no mention of linux support, but the github shows it's a python tool. Maybe it works in linux? https://github.com/Backblaze/B2_Command_Line_Tool
- ah, backblaze does reference linux support here https://help.backblaze.com/hc/en-us/articles/217664628-How-does-Backblaze-support-Linux-Users-
- they say duplicity supports backblaze. That's great! I wanted to use duplicity before. I'll have to look into this option more.
- I logged into the G Suite Admin = Gapps = https://admin.google.com
- confirmed that I now have more premissons since Marcin made me a Super Admin here
- I guess we're grandfathered-into a free plan (up to 200 licenses; currently we're at 33)
- I created a new user backblaze@opensourceecology.org. We'll use this to create a new account for backblaze.
Sat Jul 14, 2018
- Marcin granted me super admin rights on our Google Suite account (so I can whitelist our IPs for Gmail); I haven't tested this access yet
- Marcin mentioned that the STL files I produced for 3d printing parts from the Prusa lacked recessed nut catchers. We compared screenshots and his freecad showed the recesses where the nuts go while mine did not. This is a strange discrepancy which Marcin said should be resolved by everyone running oselinux. I'll have to setup an HVM for OSE Linux. I can't use it for 99% of my daily tasks as it lacks Persistence currently.
- I had several back-and-forth emails with Chris about enabling Persistence in OSE Linux. Progress is being made. Code is in github & documented on our wiki here https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/OSE_Linux_Persistence
- Hetzner got back to me about the addon domains document roots. They simply told me to check konsoleH. Indeed, the "Document root" _is_ listed when you click on each addon domain, but it's a useless string. I emailed back to them asking for them to either tell us the aboslute path to each of our 6x addon domains or for them to send me the entire contents of the /etc/httpd directory so I could figure it out myself (again, I don't have root on this old server)
Hi Bastian, Can you please tell me the absolute path of each of our addon domains? It looks like we have 6x addon domains under our 'osemain' account. As you suggested, I clicked on each of the domains in konsoleH and checked the string listed under their "Document Root" in konsleH. Here's the results: addontest.opensourceecology.org /addon-domains/addontest/ holla.opensourceecology.org /addon-domains/holla irc.opensourceecology.org /addon-domains/irc/ opensourcewarehouse.org /archive/addon-domains/opensou… sandbox.opensourceecology.org /addon-domains/sandbox survey.opensourceecology.org /addon-domains/survey/ Unfortunately, none of these paths are absolute paths. Therefore, they are ambiguous. Assuming they are merely underneath the master account's docroot, I'd assume these document root directories would be relative to '/usr/home/osemain/public_html/'. However, most of these directories do not exist in that directory. osemain@dedi978:~/public_html$ date Sat Jul 14 22:54:52 CEST 2018 osemain@dedi978:~/public_html$ pwd /usr/home/osemain/public_html osemain@dedi978:~/public_html$ ls -lah total 32K drwx---r-x 5 osemain users 4.0K May 25 17:42 . drwxr-x--x 14 root root 4.0K Jul 12 14:29 .. drwxr-xr-x 13 osemain osemain 4.0K Jun 20 2017 archive -rwxr-xr-x 1 osemain osemain 1.9K Mar 1 20:31 .htaccess drwxr-xr-x 2 osemain osemain 4.0K Sep 17 2017 logs drwxr-xr-x 14 osemain osemain 4.0K Mar 31 2015 mediawiki-1.24.2.extra -rw-r--r-- 1 osemain osemain 526 Jun 19 2015 old.html -rw-r--r-- 1 osemain osemain 883 Jun 19 2015 oldu.html.done osemain@dedi978:~/public_html$ There is no 'addon-domains' directory here. The only directory that matches the "Document root"s extracted from konsoleH as listed above is for 'opensourcewarehouse.org', which is listed as being inside a directory 'archive'. Unfortunately, I can't even see what that directory exactly is. The ellipsis (...) in "/archive/addon-domains/opensou…" is literally in the string that konsoleH gave me. Can you please provide for me the _absolute_ path of the document roots for 6x the vhosts listed as "addon-domains" listed above? If you could attach the contents of the /etc/httpd directory, that would also be extremely helpful in figuring this information out myself. Please provide for me the absolute paths of the 6x document roots of the "addon-domains". Thank you, Michael Altfield Senior System Administrator PGP Fingerprint: 8A4B 0AF8 162F 3B6A 79B7 70D2 AA3E DF71 60E2 D97B Open Source Ecology www.opensourceecology.org
- Emailed Marcin about All Power Labs, a biomass generator company based in Berkeley & added a wiki article about them https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/AllPowerLabs
Thr Jul 12, 2018
- hetzner got back to me about adding the PTR = RDNS entry. They say I can self-service this request via robot "under the tab IP...click on the small plus symbol beside of the IPv6 subnet."
You set the RDNS entry yourself via robot. You can do it directly at the server under the tab IP. Please click on the small plus symbol beside of the IPv6 subnet. Best regards Ralf Sager
- I found it: After logging in, click "Servers" (under the "Main Functions" header on the left), then clock on our server, then click the "IPs" tab (it was the first = default tab). Indeed, there is a very small plus symbol to the left of our ipv6 subnet = " 2a01:4f8:172:209e:: / 64". Clicking on that plus symbol opens a simple form asking for an "IP Address"+ "Reverse DNS entry".
- since we have a whole ipv6 subnet, it appears that we can have multiple entries here. I entered "2a01:4f8:172:209e::2" for the ip address (as this was what google reported to us) and "opensourceecology.org" for the "Reverse DNS entry".
- interestingly, there were no RDNS entries for the ipv4 addresses above. I set those to 'opensourceecology.org' as well.
- it worked immediately!
user@personal:~$ dig +short -x "2a01:4f8:172:209e::2" opensourceecology.org. user@personal:~$
- I emailed Ralf at hetzner back, asking if this self-servicability of setting the RDNS = PTR address was just as trivial for hetzner cloud nodes as it is for hetzner dedicated barmetal servers
- here's the whole PTR = RDS response using dig on our ipv6 address
user@personal:~$ dig -x "2a01:4f8:172:209e::2" ; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-9+deb8u15-Debian <<>> -x 2a01:4f8:172:209e::2 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 7215 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 7 ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;2.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.e.9.0.2.2.7.1.0.8.f.4.0.1.0.a.2.ip6.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 2.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.e.9.0.2.2.7.1.0.8.f.4.0.1.0.a.2.ip6.arpa. 5937 IN PTR opensourceecology.org. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 8.f.4.0.1.0.a.2.ip6.arpa. 5937 IN NS ns1.your-server.de. 8.f.4.0.1.0.a.2.ip6.arpa. 5937 IN NS ns.second-ns.com. 8.f.4.0.1.0.a.2.ip6.arpa. 5937 IN NS ns3.second-ns.de. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns.second-ns.com. 5241 IN A 213.239.204.242 ns.second-ns.com. 111071 IN AAAA 2a01:4f8:0:a101::b:1 ns1.your-server.de. 84441 IN A 213.133.106.251 ns1.your-server.de. 24671 IN AAAA 2a01:4f8:d0a:2006::2 ns3.second-ns.de. 24672 IN A 193.47.99.4 ns3.second-ns.de. 24671 IN AAAA 2001:67c:192c::add:b3 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 10.137.2.1#53(10.137.2.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Jul 12 13:51:54 EDT 2018 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 358 user@personal:~$
- ...
- hetzner got back to me about the public_html directory being "permission denied" for the 'osesurv' user. They said that the document root is in the main user's public_html dir. I asked for them to tell me the absolute path to this dir, as I cannot check the apache config without root.
Dear Mr Altfield all website data is always saved in the main account. Addon domains only use files from the main domains public_html folder. If we can be of any further assistance, please let us know. Mit freundlichen Grüßen / Kind regards Jan Barnewold
Wed Jul 11, 2018
- hetzner got back to me, stating that I should go to "Services -> Login" in order to access the home directory of the 'osesurv' account (at /usr/home/osesurv)
Dear Mr Altfield every addon domain has it's own home directory. The login details can be found under Services -> Login. If you have any further questions, please feel free to contact me.
- I navigated to the addon domain in the hetzner wui konsoleh & to Services -> Login. I got a username & password. This let me ssh into the server as the user!
osesurv@dedi978:~$ date Wed Jul 11 18:32:36 CEST 2018 osesurv@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/osesurv osesurv@dedi978:~$ whoami osesurv osesurv@dedi978:~$ ls -lah total 80K drwx--x--- 5 osesurv mail 4.0K Sep 21 2011 . drwxr-x--x 14 root root 4.0K Mar 9 2013 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 osesurv osesurv 220 Apr 10 2010 .bash_logout -rw-r--r-- 1 osesurv osesurv 3.2K Apr 10 2010 .bashrc -rw-r--r-- 1 osesurv osesurv 40 Sep 21 2011 .forward -rw-r----- 1 osesurv mail 2.2K Sep 21 2011 passwd.cdb -rw-r--r-- 1 osesurv osesurv 675 Apr 10 2010 .profile lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Sep 21 2011 public_html -> ../../www/users/osesurv -rw-r--r-- 1 osesurv osesurv 40 Sep 21 2011 .qmail -rw-r--r-- 1 osesurv osesurv 25 Sep 21 2011 .qmail-default drwxr-x--- 2 osesurv osesurv 4.0K Sep 21 2011 .tmp drwxrwxr-x 3 osesurv mail 4.0K Sep 21 2011 users drwxr-xr-x 2 osesurv osesurv 36K Mar 6 2014 www_logs osesurv@dedi978:~$
- none of these addon domains can have databases (I think), but it appears that I need to get all their home & web files
- began backing-up files on addon domain = osesurv
# declare vars
stamp=`date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`
backupDir="${HOME}/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
backupFilePrefix="final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
excludeArg1="${HOME}/backups"
excludeArg2="${HOME}/noBackup"
# prepare backup dir
mkdir -p "${backupDir}"
# backup home files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_home.tar.bz2" ${HOME}/*
# backup web root files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_webroot.tar.bz2" /usr/www/users/`whoami`/*
- so ^ that failed. The home dir was accessible, but I'm getting a permission denied issue with the www dir linked to by public_html.
osesurv@dedi978:~$ # backup web root files
osesurv@dedi978:~$ time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_webroot.tar.bz2" /usr/www/users/`whoami`/*
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
tar: /usr/www/users/osesurv/*: Cannot stat: Permission denied
tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
real 0m0.013s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.000s
osesurv@dedi978:~$
- I emailed hetzner back about this, asking how I can access this user's www dir
Hi Jan, Thank you. I was able to ssh in, and I was able to access the user's home directory. But I cannot access the user's www directory. user@ose:~$ ssh osesurv@dedi978.your-server.de osesurv@dedi978.your-server.de's password: Last login: Wed Jul 11 18:30:46 2018 from 108.160.67.63 osesurv@dedi978:~$ date Wed Jul 11 18:58:36 CEST 2018 osesurv@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/osesurv osesurv@dedi978:~$ whoami osesurv osesurv@dedi978:~$ ls noBackup passwd.cdb public_html users www_logs osesurv@dedi978:~$ ls -lah public_html lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Sep 21 2011 public_html -> ../../www/users/osesurv osesurv@dedi978:~$ ls -lah public_html/ ls: cannot open directory public_html/: Permission denied osesurv@dedi978:~$ ls -lah ../../www/users/osesurv ls: cannot open directory ../../www/users/osesurv: Permission denied osesurv@dedi978:~$ ls -lah /usr/www/users/osesurv/ ls: cannot open directory /usr/www/users/osesurv/: Permission denied osesurv@dedi978:~$ Note that I also cannot access this directory from the 'osemain' user under which the addon domain 'osesurv' exists: osemain@dedi978:~$ date Wed Jul 11 19:02:03 CEST 2018 osemain@dedi978:~$ whoami osemain osemain@dedi978:~$ ls -lah /usr/www/users/osesurv ls: cannot access /usr/www/users/osesurv/.: Permission denied ls: cannot access /usr/www/users/osesurv/..: Permission denied total 0 d????????? ? ? ? ? ? . d????????? ? ? ? ? ? .. osemain@dedi978:~$ Can you please tell me how I can access the files in '/usr/www/users/osesurv/'? Is it possible to do so over ssh? Thank you, Michael Altfield Senior System Administrator PGP Fingerprint: 8A4B 0AF8 162F 3B6A 79B7 70D2 AA3E DF71 60E2 D97B Open Source Ecology www.opensourceecology.org
- ...
- I went to check to see if the PTR dns entry was in-place for a reverse lookup of our ipv6 address that I created yesterday. Unfortunately, there's no change
user@personal:~$ dig +short -x 138.201.84.243 static.243.84.201.138.clients.your-server.de. user@personal:~$ dig +short -x "2a01:4f8:172:209e::2" user@personal:~$
- here's the long results
user@personal:~$ date Wed Jul 11 13:16:16 EDT 2018 user@personal:~$ dig -x 138.201.84.243 ; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-9+deb8u15-Debian <<>> -x 138.201.84.243 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 35146 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 7 ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;243.84.201.138.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 243.84.201.138.in-addr.arpa. 86108 IN PTR static.243.84.201.138.clients.your-server.de. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 84.201.138.in-addr.arpa. 86108 IN NS ns3.second-ns.de. 84.201.138.in-addr.arpa. 86108 IN NS ns1.your-server.de. 84.201.138.in-addr.arpa. 86108 IN NS ns.second-ns.com. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns.second-ns.com. 4381 IN A 213.239.204.242 ns.second-ns.com. 169981 IN AAAA 2a01:4f8:0:a101::b:1 ns1.your-server.de. 83581 IN A 213.133.106.251 ns1.your-server.de. 83581 IN AAAA 2a01:4f8:d0a:2006::2 ns3.second-ns.de. 83581 IN A 193.47.99.4 ns3.second-ns.de. 83581 IN AAAA 2001:67c:192c::add:b3 ;; Query time: 6 msec ;; SERVER: 10.137.2.1#53(10.137.2.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jul 11 13:16:22 EDT 2018 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 322 user@personal:~$ dig -x "2a01:4f8:172:209e::2" ; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-9+deb8u15-Debian <<>> -x 2a01:4f8:172:209e::2 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 57144 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;2.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.e.9.0.2.2.7.1.0.8.f.4.0.1.0.a.2.ip6.arpa. IN PTR ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 8.f.4.0.1.0.a.2.ip6.arpa. 6890 IN SOA ns1.your-server.de. postmaster.your-server.de. 2018084081 86400 1800 3600000 86400 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 10.137.2.1#53(10.137.2.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jul 11 13:16:28 EDT 2018 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 166 user@personal:~$
- if we encounter these errors again, I think we'll have to contact hetzner to create these PTR entries for the ipv6 addresses. I don't think I have the ability to do this from our server or from our nameserver at cloudflare
- hetzner has an article on this issue, but they merely state to contact their support team https://hetzner.co.za/help-centre/domains/ptr/
- I went ahead and contacted hetzner (via our robot portal for hetnzer2--distinct from hetzner1's konsoleh) asking them to create the PTR record for our ipv6 addresses. And I asked them if this is something I could do myself or if it necessarily required a change on their end.
- note that this may not be a serviceable request for some types of accounts at hetzner, and it is a valid concern for moving from a dedicated barmetal server to other types of accounts, such as a cloud server. I documented this concern in the "looking forward" section on the OSE Server article https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/OSE_Server#Non-dedicated_baremetal_concerns
- ...
- while I wait for hetzner support's response for how to access all the files for the addon domains, I'll copy the finished backups from the other 5x domains (as opposed to addon domains) to hetnzer2 (osemain, osecivi, oseblog, oseforum, and microft), staging them for upload to glacier
- osemain's backups (after compression) came to a total of 3.3G
osemain@dedi978:~$ date Wed Jul 11 19:42:29 CEST 2018 osemain@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/osemain osemain@dedi978:~$ whoami osemain osemain@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/* 2.9G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_home.tar.bz2 1.2M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-openswh.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 192K noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-ose_fef.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 164K noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-osesurv.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 4.0K noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-ose_website.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 204M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_mysqldump-osewiki.20180706-224656.sql.bz2 212M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656_webroot.tar.bz2 osemain@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/ 3.3G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osemain_20180706-224656/ osemain@dedi978:~$
- osecivi's backups (after compression) came to a total of 15M
osecivi@dedi978:~$ date Wed Jul 11 19:49:44 CEST 2018 osecivi@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/osecivi osecivi@dedi978:~$ whoami osecivi osecivi@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/* 2.3M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_home.tar.bz2 1.1M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_mysqldump-osecivi.20180706-233128.sql.bz2 180K noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_mysqldump-osedrupal.20180706-233128.sql.bz2 12M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_webroot.tar.bz2 osecivi@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/ 15M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/ osecivi@dedi978:~$
- oseblog's backups (after compression) came to a total of 4.4G
oseblog@dedi978:~$ date Wed Jul 11 19:58:51 CEST 2018 oseblog@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/oseblog oseblog@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052/* 1.3G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052_home.tar.bz2 135M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052_mysqldump-oseblog.20180706-234052.sql.bz2 3.1G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052_webroot.tar.bz2 oseblog@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052/ 4.4G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseblog_20180706-234052/ oseblog@dedi978:~$
- oseforum's backups (after compression) came to a total of 956M
oseforum@dedi978:~$ date Wed Jul 11 20:02:04 CEST 2018 oseforum@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/oseforum oseforum@dedi978:~$ whoami oseforum oseforum@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/* 854M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_home.tar.bz2 46M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_mysqldump-oseforum.20180706-230007.sql.bz2 57M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_webroot.tar.bz2 oseforum@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/ 956M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/ oseforum@dedi978:~$
- microft's backups (after compression) came to a total of 6.2G
microft@dedi978:~$ date Wed Jul 11 20:06:19 CEST 2018 microft@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/microft microft@dedi978:~$ whoami microft microft@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228/* 1.4G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_home.tar.bz2 528K noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_mysqldump-microft_db2.20180706-234228.sql.bz2 1.3M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_mysqldump-microft_drupal1.20180706-234228.sql.bz2 3.3G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_mysqldump-microft_wiki.20180706-234228.sql.bz2 1.7G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228_webroot.tar.bz2 microft@dedi978:~$ du -sh noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228/ 6.2G noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_microft_20180706-234228/ microft@dedi978:~$
- therefore, the total for the 5x domains (exculding addon domains) dropped from ~34.87G before compression to 14.871G after compression
- that's a totally reasonable size to backup. In fact, I think I'll leave some of these backups live on hetzner2. I should definitely do so for the forum, in-case we ever want to make that site rw again.
- I went ahead and created the "hot" backup of the oseforums in the cooresponding apache dir
[root@hetzner2 forum.opensourceecology.org]# date Wed Jul 11 19:16:55 UTC 2018 [root@hetzner2 forum.opensourceecology.org]# pwd /var/www/html/forum.opensourceecology.org [root@hetzner2 forum.opensourceecology.org]# du -sh * 955M final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007 2.7G htdocs 4.0K readme.txt 173M vanilla_docroot_backup.20180113 [root@hetzner2 forum.opensourceecology.org]# du -sh final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/* 853M final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_home.tar.bz2 46M final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_mysqldump-oseforum.20180706-230007.sql.bz2 57M final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_webroot.tar.bz2 [root@hetzner2 forum.opensourceecology.org]#
- I created a readme.txt explaining what happened for the future sysadmin
[root@hetzner2 forum.opensourceecology.org]# cat readme.txt In 2018, the forums were no longer moderated or maintained, and the decision was made to deprecate support for the site. The content is still accessible in as static-content; new content is not possible. For more information, please see: * https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/CHG-2018-02-04 On 2018-07-11, during the backup stage of the change to deprecate hetzner1, a backup of the vanilla forums home directory, webroot directory, and database dump were created for upload to long-term backup storage on hetzner1. Because this backup size was manageable small (1G, which is actually smaller than the 2.7G of static content currently live in the forum's docroot), I put a "hot" copy of this dump in the forum's apache dir (but outside the htdocs root, of course) located at hetzner2:/var/www/html/forum.opensourceecology.org/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/ * https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/CHG-2018-07-06_hetzner1_deprecation -- Michael Altfield <michael@opensourceecology.org> 2018-07-11 [root@hetzner2 forum.opensourceecology.org]#
- and, finally, I updated the relevant wiki articles for the forums
- I scp'd all these tarballs to hetzner2
[root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]# date Wed Jul 11 18:17:14 UTC 2018 [root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]# pwd /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1 [root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]# du -sh /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/* 6.2G /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/microft 4.4G /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/oseblog 15M /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osecivi 955M /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/oseforum 3.3G /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/osemain [root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]# du -sh /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/ 15G /var/tmp/deprecateHetzner1/ [root@hetzner2 deprecateHetzner1]#
- I still need to generate the metadata files that explains what these tarballs hold with a message + file list (`tar -t`). This will also hopefully serve as a test to validate that the files were not corrupted in-transit during the scp or tar creation. I generally prefer rsync so I can double-tap, but I has some issues with ssh key auth with rsync (so I just used scp, which auth'd fine).
- of course, I also still need to generate the backup tarballs for the addon domains after hetzner gets back to me on how to access their web roots.
- ...
- I began looking back at the hancock:/home/marcin_ose/backups/uploadToGlacier.sh file that I used back in March to generate metadata files for each of the encrypted tarballs dumped onto glacier https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Maltfield_Log/2018_Q1#Sat_Mar_31.2C_2018
hancock% cat uploadToGlacier.sh
#!/bin/bash -x
############
# SETTINGS #
############
#backupDirs="hetzner2/20171101-072001"
#backupDirs="hetzner1/20170901-052001"
#backupDirs="hetzner1/20171001-052001"
#backupDirs="hetzner1/20171101-062001 hetzner1/20171201-062001"
#backupDirs="hetzner1/20171201-062001"
backupDirs="hetzner2/20170702-052001 hetzner2/20170801-072001 hetzner2/20170901-072001 hetzner2/20171001-072001 hetzner2/20171101-072001 hetzner2/20171202-072001 hetzner2/20180102-072001 hetzner2/20180202-072001 hetzner2/20180302-072001 hetzner2/20180401-072001 hetzner1/20170701-052001 hetzner1/20170801-052001 hetzner1/20180101-062001 hetzner1/20180201-062001 hetzner1/20180301-062002 hetzner1/20180401-052001"
syncDir="/home/marcin_ose/backups/uploadToGlacier"
encryptionKeyFilePath="/home/marcin_ose/backups/ose-backups-cron.key"
export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID='<obfuscated>'
export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY='<obfuscated>'
##############
# DO UPLOADS #
##############
for dir in $(echo $backupDirs); do
archiveName=`echo ${dir} | tr '/' '_'`;
timestamp=`date -u --rfc-3339=seconds`
fileListFilePath="${syncDir}/${archiveName}.fileList.txt"
archiveFilePath="${syncDir}/${archiveName}.tar"
#########################
# archive metadata file #
#########################
# first, generate a file list to help the future sysadmin get metadata about the archvie without having to download the huge archive itself
echo "================================================================================" > "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "This file is metadata for the archive '${archiveName}'. In it, we list all the files included in the compressed/encrypted archive (produced using 'ls -lahR ${dir}'), including the files within the tarballs within the archive (produced using 'find "${dir}" -type f -exec tar -tvf '{}' \; ')" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo " - Michael Altfield <maltfield@opensourceecology.org>" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo " Note: this file was generated at ${timestamp}" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "================================================================================" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "#############################" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "# 'ls -lahR' output follows #" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "#############################" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
ls -lahR ${dir} >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "================================================================================" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "############################" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "# tarball contents follows #" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "############################" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
find "${dir}" -type f -exec tar -tvf '{}' \; >> "${fileListFilePath}"
echo "================================================================================" >> "${fileListFilePath}"
# compress the metadata file
bzip2 "${fileListFilePath}"
# encrypt the metadata file
#gpg --symmetric --cipher-algo aes --armor --passphrase-file "${encryptionKeyFilePath}" "${fileListFilePath}.bz2"
gpg --symmetric --cipher-algo aes --passphrase-file "${encryptionKeyFilePath}" "${fileListFilePath}.bz2"
# delete the unencrypted archive
rm "${fileListFilePath}"
# upload it
#/home/marcin_ose/.local/lib/aws/bin/python /home/marcin_ose/bin/aws glacier upload-archive --account-id - --vault-name 'deleteMeIn2020' --archive-description "${archiveName}_metadata.txt.bz2.asc: this is a metadata file showing the file and dir list contents of the archive of the same name" --body "${fileListFilePath}.bz2.asc"
#/home/marcin_ose/.local/lib/aws/bin/python /home/marcin_ose/bin/aws glacier upload-archive --account-id - --vault-name 'deleteMeIn2020' --archive-description "${archiveName}_metadata.txt.bz2.gpg: this is a metadata file showing the file and dir list contents of the archive of the same name" --body "${fileListFilePath}.bz2.gpg"
/home/marcin_ose/.local/lib/aws/bin/python /home/marcin_ose/sandbox/glacier-cli/glacier.py --region us-west-2 archive upload deleteMeIn2020 "${fileListFilePath}.bz2.gpg"
if $? -eq 0 ; then
rm -f "${fileListFilePath}.bz2.gpg"
fi
################
# archive file #
################
# generate archive file as a single, compressed file
tar -cvf "${archiveFilePath}" "${dir}/"
# encrypt the archive file
#gpg --symmetric --cipher-algo aes --armor --passphrase-file "${encryptionKeyFilePath}" "${archiveFilePath}"
gpg --symmetric --cipher-algo aes --passphrase-file "${encryptionKeyFilePath}" "${archiveFilePath}"
# delete the unencrypted archive
rm "${archiveFilePath}"
# upload it
#/home/marcin_ose/.local/lib/aws/bin/python /home/marcin_ose/bin/aws glacier upload-archive --account-id - --vault-name 'deleteMeIn2020' --archive-description "${archiveName}.tar.gz.asc: this is a compressed and encrypted tarball of a backup from our ose server taken at the time the archive name indicates" --body "${archiveFilePath}.asc"
#/home/marcin_ose/.local/lib/aws/bin/python /home/marcin_ose/bin/aws glacier upload-archive --account-id - --vault-name 'deleteMeIn2020' --archive-description "${archiveName}.tar.gz.gpg: this is a compressed and encrypted tarball of a backup from our ose server taken at the time the archive name indicates" --body "${archiveFilePath}.gpg"
/home/marcin_ose/.local/lib/aws/bin/python /home/marcin_ose/sandbox/glacier-cli/glacier.py --region us-west-2 archive upload deleteMeIn2020 "${archiveFilePath}.gpg"
if $? -eq 0 ; then
rm -f "${archiveFilePath}.gpg"
fi
done
hancock%
Tue Jul 10, 2018
- hetzner got back to me as expected stating that it's an addon domain. It's hard to convey via email (plus through a language barrier) that I'm aware of the fact that there's an addon domain of the same name = survey. But there is a distinct directory & user unlike other addon domains on the physical server that I cannot access. I'm assuming it was previously used as a non-addon domain, then an addon domain was created. Or something. In any case, there is an actual directory '/usr/home/osesurv' that I need to access. I replied to them asking for an `ls -lah /usr/home/osesurv` to be sent to me.
- Marcin forwarded an error report from google's webmaster tools. It showed 1 issues; I'm not concerned. It has a lot of false-positives (special pages, robots, etc)
- Marcin sent me emails about two users who have not received emails (containing their temp password) after registering for an account on the wiki
- Miles Ransaw <milesransaw@gmail.com>
- Harman Bains <bains.hmn@gmail.com>
- this is extremely frustrating, as it appears that mediawiki does send emails most of the time, but occasionally users complain that emails do not come in (even after checking the spam folder). I can't find a way to reproduce this issue, so what I really need to do is find some logs containing the user's names/emails above.
- did some digging around the source code & confirmed that mediawiki falls-back on using the mail() function of php in includes/mail/UserMailer.php:sendInternal(). It looks like it also has support to use the PEAR mailer as well. There's a debug line that indicates when it has to fall-back to mail().
if ( !stream_resolve_include_path( 'Mail/mime.php' ) ) {
wfDebug( "PEAR Mail_Mime package is not installed. Falling back to text email.\n" );
- checking with `pear list`, it looks like we don't have PEAR Mail_Mime installed
[root@hetzner2 ~]# pear list ... INSTALLED PACKAGES, CHANNEL PEAR.PHP.NET: ========================================= PACKAGE VERSION STATE Archive_Tar 1.4.2 stable Console_Getopt 1.4.1 stable PEAR 1.10.4 stable Structures_Graph 1.1.1 stable XML_Util 1.4.2 stable [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- I even checked to see if it was a file within the "PEAR" package. It isn't there.
[root@hetzner2 ~]# pear list-files PEAR | grep -i mail PHP Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/pearcmd.php on line 30 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 [root@hetzner2 ~]# pear list-files PEAR | grep -i mime PHP Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/pearcmd.php on line 30 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 PHP Warning: php_uname() has been disabled for security reasons in /usr/share/pear/PEAR/Registry.php on line 813 [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- compare this to our old server, and we see a discrepancy! The old server has this module. Perhaps this is the issue?
osemain@dedi978:~$ pear list Installed packages, channel pear.php.net: ========================================= Package Version State Archive_Tar 1.4.3 stable Console_Getopt 1.4.1 stable DB 1.7.14 stable Date 1.4.7 stable File 1.3.0 stable HTTP 1.4.1 stable HTTP_Request 1.4.4 stable Log 1.12.8 stable MDB2 2.5.0b5 beta Mail 1.2.0 stable Mail_Mime 1.8.9 stable Mail_mimeDecode 1.5.5 stable Net_DIME 1.0.2 stable Net_IPv4 1.3.4 stable Net_SMTP 1.6.2 stable Net_Socket 1.0.14 stable Net_URL 1.0.15 stable PEAR 1.10.5 stable SOAP 0.13.0 beta Structures_Graph 1.1.1 stable XML_Parser 1.3.4 stable XML_Util 1.4.2 stable osemain@dedi978:~$
- a quick yum search shows the package (we don't fucking want to use the pear package manager)
[root@hetzner2 ~]# yum search pear | grep -i mail php-channel-swift.noarch : Adds swift mailer project channel to PEAR php-pear-Mail.noarch : Class that provides multiple interfaces for sending : emails php-pear-Mail-Mime.noarch : Classes to create MIME messages php-pear-Mail-mimeDecode.noarch : Class to decode mime messages [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- so I _could_ install this, but I really want to develop some test that proves it doesn't work, then install. Then re-test & confirm it's fixed.
- it looks like we can trigger Mediawiki sending a user an email via this Special:EmailUser page https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/index.php?title=Special:EmailUser/
- well, I did that, and the email went through. It came from 'contact@opensourceecology.org'
- unfortunately, it looks like wiki-error.log hasn't populated since Jun 18th. I was monitoring the other logs when I triggered the EmailUser above; it was shown in access_log, and nothing came into error_log
- I changed the permissions of this wiki-error.log file to "not-apache:apache-admins" and 0660, and it began writing
- hopefully this won't fill the disk! iirc, mediawiki has some mechanism to prevent infinite growth..
- I re-triggered the email, but (surprisingly), I saw very little Mail-related info in the wiki-error.log file, except
UserMailer::send: sending mail to Maltfield <michael@opensourceecology.org> Sending mail via internal mail() function MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: primary transaction round committed MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: pre-send deferred updates completed MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: LBFactory shutdown completed User: loading options for user 3709 from override cache. OutputPage::sendCacheControl: private caching; ** [error] [W0U@lnhB25P5rXweNx8gYQAAAAs] /wiki/Special:EmailUser ErrorException from line 693 of /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php: PHP Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons
- that "ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons" occurs all the time; it shouldn't be an issue. Indeed, the email came through. What I was expecting to see was the "PEAR Mail_Mime package is not installed. Falling back to text email" message. It didn't appear.
- I opened the wiki-error.log file in vim, and then I did find this:
UserMailer::send: sending mail to Maltfield <michael@opensourceecology.org> Sending mail via internal mail() function
- whatever, different logic location. that's a good enough test. let me try to install the pear module, retry the email send. If everything still works, I'll ask the users to try again. Maybe that will just fix it. In any case, it appears that having pear may make it easier to debug.
[root@hetzner2 wiki.opensourceecology.org]# yum install php-pear-Mail-Mime ... Installed: php-pear-Mail-Mime.noarch 0:1.10.2-1.el7 Complete! [root@hetzner2 wiki.opensourceecology.org]#
- I re-triggered the email to send. It came in, and the log still says it's using the 'mail() function
[root@hetzner2 wiki.opensourceecology.org]# tail -f wiki-error.log | grep -C3 -i mail [DBConnection] Closing connection to database 'localhost'. [DBConnection] Closing connection to database 'localhost'. IP: 127.0.0.1 Start request POST /wiki/Special:EmailUser HTTP HEADERS: X-REAL-IP: 104.51.202.137 X-FORWARDED-PROTO: https -- ACCEPT: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8 ACCEPT-LANGUAGE: en-US,en;q=0.8 ACCEPT-ENCODING: gzip, deflate, br REFERER: https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Special:EmailUser COOKIE: donot=cacheme; osewiki_db_wiki__session=tglqeps7foc00ah128mjrap1la56qdlj; osewiki_db_wiki_UserID=3709; osewiki_db_wiki_UserName=Maltfield DNT: 1 UPGRADE-INSECURE-REQUESTS: 1 -- "ChronologyProtection": false } [DBConnection] Wikimedia\Rdbms\LoadBalancer::openConnection: calling initLB() before first connection. [error] [W0VBqahT@xRKhqoY@veLxgAAAAU] /wiki/Special:EmailUser ErrorException from line 693 of /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php: PHP Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons #0 [internal function]: MWExceptionHandler::handleError(integer, string, string, integer, array) #1 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php(693): ini_set(string, string) #2 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/libs/rdbms/database/DatabaseMysqlBase.php(129): Wikimedia\Rdbms\Database->installErrorHandler() -- #10 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/user/User.php(777): wfGetDB(integer) #11 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/user/User.php(396): User::idFromName(string, integer) #12 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/user/User.php(2230): User->load() #13 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/specials/SpecialEmailuser.php(223): User->getId() #14 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/specials/SpecialEmailuser.php(205): SpecialEmailUser::validateTarget(User, User) #15 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/specials/SpecialEmailuser.php(47): SpecialEmailUser::getTarget(string, User) #16 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/specialpage/SpecialPage.php(488): SpecialEmailUser->getDescription() #17 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/specials/SpecialEmailuser.php(116): SpecialPage->setHeaders() #18 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/specialpage/SpecialPage.php(522): SpecialEmailUser->execute(NULL) #19 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/specialpage/SpecialPageFactory.php(578): SpecialPage->run(NULL) #20 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/MediaWiki.php(287): SpecialPageFactory::executePath(Title, RequestContext) #21 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/MediaWiki.php(851): MediaWiki->performRequest() -- User::getBlockedStatus: checking... User: loading options for user 3709 from override cache. User: loading options for user 3709 from override cache. UserMailer::send: sending mail to Maltfield <michael@opensourceecology.org> Sending mail via internal mail() function MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: primary transaction round committed MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: pre-send deferred updates completed MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: LBFactory shutdown completed User: loading options for user 3709 from override cache. OutputPage::sendCacheControl: private caching; ** [error] [W0VBqahT@xRKhqoY@veLxgAAAAU] /wiki/Special:EmailUser ErrorException from line 693 of /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php: PHP Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons #0 [internal function]: MWExceptionHandler::handleError(integer, string, string, integer, array) #1 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php(693): ini_set(string, string) #2 /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/includes/libs/rdbms/database/DatabaseMysqlBase.php(129): Wikimedia\Rdbms\Database->installErrorHandler()
- I'm tired of these errors; I commented out line 693 in includes/libs/rdbms/database/Database.php:installErrorHandler()
/**
* Set a custom error handler for logging errors during database connection
*/
protected function installErrorHandler() {
$this->mPHPError = false;
#$this->htmlErrors = ini_set( 'html_errors', '0' );
set_error_handler( [ $this, 'connectionErrorLogger' ] );
}
- that cleans up the output at least
[root@hetzner2 wiki.opensourceecology.org]# tail -f wiki-error.log | grep -C3 -i mail [DBConnection] Closing connection to database 'localhost'. [DBConnection] Closing connection to database 'localhost'. IP: 127.0.0.1 Start request POST /wiki/Special:EmailUser HTTP HEADERS: X-REAL-IP: 104.51.202.137 X-FORWARDED-PROTO: https -- ACCEPT: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8 ACCEPT-LANGUAGE: en-US,en;q=0.8 ACCEPT-ENCODING: gzip, deflate, br REFERER: https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Special:EmailUser COOKIE: donot=cacheme; osewiki_db_wiki__session=tglqeps7foc00ah128mjrap1la56qdlj; osewiki_db_wiki_UserID=3709; osewiki_db_wiki_UserName=Maltfield DNT: 1 UPGRADE-INSECURE-REQUESTS: 1 -- User::getBlockedStatus: checking... User: loading options for user 3709 from override cache. User: loading options for user 3709 from override cache. UserMailer::send: sending mail to Maltfield <michael@opensourceecology.org> Sending mail via internal mail() function MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: primary transaction round committed MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: pre-send deferred updates completed MediaWiki::preOutputCommit: LBFactory shutdown completed
- curiously, as a test per this article, I wrote a simple test.php script to mail() myself something; it failed https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:$wgEnableEmail
[root@hetzner2 mail]# cat /var/www/html/wiki.opensourceecology.org/htdocs/test.php <?php # This is just a test to debug email issues; please delete this file # --Michael Altfield <michael@opensourceecology.org> 2018-07-10 # we set a cookie to prevent varnish from caching this page header( "Set-Cookie: donot=cacheme" ); mail( "michael@opensourceecology.org", "my subject", "my message body" ); ?> [root@hetzner2 mail]#
- while tailing the maillog, I see this when I trigger my test script
[root@hetzner2 mail]# tail -f /var/log/maillog Jul 10 23:41:16 hetzner2 postfix/pickup[11033]: DCFA7681EA4: uid=48 from=<apache> Jul 10 23:41:16 hetzner2 postfix/cleanup[23835]: DCFA7681EA4: message-id=<20180710234116.DCFA7681EA4@hetzner2.opensourceecology.org> Jul 10 23:41:16 hetzner2 postfix/qmgr[1631]: DCFA7681EA4: from=<apache@hetzner2.opensourceecology.org>, size=412, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jul 10 23:41:17 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[23837]: DCFA7681EA4: to=<michael@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[108.177.119.27]:25, delay=0.27, delays=0.02/0/0.05/0.2, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 OK 1531266077 s19-v6si3778539edc.383 - gsmtp) Jul 10 23:41:17 hetzner2 postfix/qmgr[1631]: DCFA7681EA4: removed
- but I see this when I load the mediawiki EmailUser page
Jul 10 23:42:06 hetzner2 postfix/pickup[11033]: 43A7F681EA4: uid=48 from=<contact@opensourceecology.org> Jul 10 23:42:06 hetzner2 postfix/cleanup[23835]: 43A7F681EA4: message-id=<osewiki_db-wiki_.5b45444e401807.54864375@wiki.opensourceecology.org> Jul 10 23:42:06 hetzner2 postfix/qmgr[1631]: 43A7F681EA4: from=<contact@opensourceecology.org>, size=983, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jul 10 23:42:06 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[23837]: 43A7F681EA4: to=<michael@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[64.233.167.26]:25, delay=0.29, delays=0.01/0/0.07/0.22, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 OK 1531266126 j140-v6si391690wmd.76 - gsmtp) Jul 10 23:42:06 hetzner2 postfix/qmgr[1631]: 43A7F681EA4: removed
- so further research & digging into the code suggests that the PEAR module is only used if we want to use an external SMTP server. We don't; we want to use our local stmp server. The default is to use mail(). Since the $wgSMTP var wasn't set on the old server, the old server should have also been using mail() https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:$wgSMTP
- finally, I decided to grep the maillog for one of the users = milesransaw@gmail.com. I got an error that appears to have come from Google regarding "IPv6 sending guidlines"
[root@hetzner2 htdocs]# grep -irC5 'milesransaw@gmail.com' /var/log /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:21:08 hetzner2 postfix/scache[24613]: statistics: address lookup hits=0 miss=4 success=0% /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:21:08 hetzner2 postfix/scache[24613]: statistics: max simultaneous domains=1 addresses=2 connection=2 /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/pickup[24510]: 5039E681DE9: uid=48 from=<contact@opensourceecology.org> /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/cleanup[25828]: 5039E681DE9: message-id=<osewiki_db-wiki_.5b43e0dd4ba6c0.09234917@wiki.opensourceecology.org> /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/qmgr[1631]: 5039E681DE9: from=<contact@opensourceecology.org>, size=1236, nrcpt=1 (queue active) /var/log/maillog-20180710:Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[25830]: 5039E681DE9: to=<milesransaw@gmail.com>, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c0c::1b]:25, delay=0.36, delays=0.02/0/0.05/0.3, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c0c::1b] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . c19-v6si14396804wrc.112 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA command)) /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/cleanup[25828]: A808D681EA4: message-id=<20180709222533.A808D681EA4@hetzner2.opensourceecology.org> /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/bounce[25832]: 5039E681DE9: sender non-delivery notification: A808D681EA4 /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/qmgr[1631]: A808D681EA4: from=<>, size=3974, nrcpt=1 (queue active) /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/qmgr[1631]: 5039E681DE9: removed /var/log/maillog-20180710-Jul 9 22:25:33 hetzner2 postfix/smtp[25830]: A808D681EA4: to=<contact@opensourceecology.org>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c0c::1b]:25, delay=0.15, delays=0/0/0.06/0.08, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[2a00:1450:400c:c0c::1b] said: 550-5.7.1 [2a01:4f8:172:209e::2] Our system has detected that this message does 550-5.7.1 not meet IPv6 sending guidelines regarding PTR records and 550-5.7.1 authentication. Please review 550-5.7.1 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError for more information 550 5.7.1 . s9-v6si13928170wrm.364 - gsmtp (in reply to end of DATA
- I did another search for the other user = bains.hmn@gmail.com. Interestingly, I got no results at all this time
[root@hetzner2 htdocs]# grep -irC5 'bains.hmn' /var/log [root@hetzner2 htdocs]#
- when I try to email this user using Special:EmailUser, I get an error = "This user has not specified a valid email address."
- digging into the DB, I see this user set their email to 'bains.hmn@gmail.com', which seems fine to me
MariaDB [osewiki_db]> select user_email from wiki_user where user_name = 'Hbains' limit 10; +---------------------+ | user_email | +---------------------+ | bains.hmn@gmail.com | +---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [osewiki_db]>
- anyway, let me continue with the one that's not a dead-end. Unfortunately, the IPv6AuthError link just sends me to a generic google "Bulk Sending Guidelines" doc https://support.google.com/mail/?p=IPv6AuthError
- I already configured our spf records, but it wants some more shit. First I have to get the "Gmail settings administrator privliges" from Marcin.
- actually, the error log specifically mentions "550-5.7.1" more on this specific error number can be found in this "SMTP Error Reference" https://support.google.com/a/answer/3726730?hl=en
- 550, "5.7.1", Email quota exceeded.
- 550, "5.7.1", Invalid credentials for relay.
- 550, "5.7.1", Our system has detected an unusual rate of unsolicited mail originating from your IP address. To protect our users from spam, mail sent from your IP address has been blocked. Review our Bulk Senders Guidelines.
- 550, "5.7.1", Our system has detected that this message is likely unsolicited mail. To reduce the amount of spam sent to Gmail, this message has been blocked. For more information, review this article.
- 550, "5.7.1", The IP you're using to send mail is not authorized to send email directly to our servers. Please use the SMTP relay at your service provider instead. For more information, review this article.
- 550, "5.7.1", The user or domain that you are sending to (or from) has a policy that prohibited the mail that you sent. Please contact your domain administrator for further details. For more information, review this article.
- 550, "5.7.1", Unauthenticated email is not accepted from this domain.
- 550, "5.7.1", Daily SMTP relay limit exceeded for customer. For more information on SMTP relay sending limits please contact your administrator or review this article.
- actually, I don't think any of those are correct. This appears to be caused by us not having a "AAAA" dns entry pointing to our ipv6 address, even though our server has 2x ipv6 addresses. In this case, it appears that our server contacted google from ipv6 address = "2a01:4f8:172:209e::2", but it didn't get that back when it attempted to resolve 'opensourceecology.org' https://serverfault.com/questions/732187/sendmail-can-not-deliver-to-gmail-ipv6-sending-guidelines-regarding-ptr-record
[root@hetzner2 htdocs]# ip -6 a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 state UNKNOWN qlen 1 inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 state UP qlen 1000 inet6 2a01:4f8:172:209e::2/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::921b:eff:fe94:7c4/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@hetzner2 htdocs]#
- I created a AAAA (ipv6 A) dns record (on cloudflare) pointing opensourceecology.org to 2a01:4f8:172:209e::2
- ^ that should take some time to propagate, and--since I can't reproduce the issue, we'll just wait to see if it occurs again & check the logs again
- a simpler solution might be to just change postfix to use ipv4 only, but I'll do that as a last resort https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-newbie-8/gmail-this-message-does-not-meet-ipv6-sending-guidelines-regarding-ptr-records-4175598760/
- note that, interestingly, the ptr (reverse lookup) of our ipv4 addresses don't point to opensourceecology.org; they point to hetzner
user@personal:~$ dig +short -x 138.201.84.223 static.223.84.201.138.clients.your-server.de. user@personal:~$ dig +short -x 138.201.84.243 static.243.84.201.138.clients.your-server.de. user@personal:~$
- I'll have to check this tomorrow after propagation takes place. Hopefully if it matches the above commands, we've fixed the issue
user@personal:~$ dig +short -x "2a01:4f8:172:209e::2" user@personal:~$
- in the meantime, I've manually reset the users' passwords & sent them emails manually
- ...
- Marcin had a 403 false-positive when attempting to embed an instagram feed. I whitelisted a rule & confirmed that I could submit the contents.
- id 973308, xss attack
- this fixed it & I emailed Marcin
- ...
- Marcin mentioned that a link to our wiki in a facebook feed shows a 403 on facebook. The link works, but the facebook "preview" in the comment feed shows a 403 Forbidden. Because facebook is dumb, I can't permalink directly to the comment (or maybe I could if I had a facebook account--not sure), but it's on this page https://www.facebook.com/groups/398759490316633/#
- I grepped through all the gzip'd modsecurity log files with the string 'Paysan' in it, and I found a bunch of results. I limited it further to include 'facebook', and found there was a useragent = facebookexternalhit/1.1. This was causing a 403 from rule id = 958291, protocol violation = "Range: field exists and begins with 0."
[root@hetzner2 httpd]# date
Wed Jul 11 04:09:26 UTC 2018
[root@hetzner2 httpd]# pwd
/var/log/httpd
[root@hetzner2 httpd]# for log in $(ls -1 | grep -i modsec | grep -i gz); do zcat $log | grep -iC50 'Paysan' ; done | grep -iC50 facebook
Server: Apache
Engine-Mode: "ENABLED"
--f6f9de1f-Z--
--1d0c4d75-A--
[08/Jul/2018:06:58:57 +0000] W0G2MRiIV543eZ9b0krEgAAAAAE 127.0.0.1 37540 127.0.0.1 8000
--1d0c4d75-B--
GET /entry/openid?Target=discussion%2F379%2Ffarming-agriculture-and-ranching-livestock-management-software%3Fpost%23Form_Body&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2Fo8%2Fid HTTP/1.1
X-Real-IP: 203.133.174.77
X-Forwarded-Proto: https
X-Forwarded-Port: 443
Host: forum.opensourceecology.org
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Daum/4.1; +http://cs.daum.net/faq/15/4118.html?faqId=28966)
Accept-Language: ko-kr,ko;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3
Accept: */*
Accept-Charset: utf-8,EUC-KR;q=0.7,*;q=0.5
X-Forwarded-For: 203.133.174.77, 127.0.0.1, 127.0.0.1
hash: #forum.opensourceecology.org
Accept-Encoding: gzip
X-Varnish: 13886122
--1d0c4d75-F--
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Content-Length: 214
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
--1d0c4d75-E--
--1d0c4d75-H--
Message: Access denied with code 403 (phase 2). Pattern match "([\\~\\!\\@\\#\\$\\%\\^\\&\\*\\(\\)\\-\\+\\=\\{\\}\\[\\]\\|\\:\\;\"\\'\\\xc2\xb4\\\xe2\x80\x99\\\xe2\x80\x98\\`\\<\\>].*?){4,}" at ARGS:Target. [file "/etc/httpd/modsecurity.d/activated_rules/modsecurity_crs_41_sql_injection_attacks.conf"] [line "159"] [id "981173"] [rev "2"] [msg "Restricted SQL Character Anomaly Detection Alert - Total # of special characters exceeded"] [data "Matched Data: - found within ARGS:Target: discussion/379/farming-agriculture-and-ranching-livestock-management-software?post#Form_Body"] [ver "OWASP_CRS/2.2.9"] [maturity "9"] [accuracy "8"] [tag "OWASP_CRS/WEB_ATTACK/SQL_INJECTION"]
Action: Intercepted (phase 2)
Stopwatch: 1531033137000684 589 (- - -)
Stopwatch2: 1531033137000684 589; combined=362, p1=87, p2=247, p3=0, p4=0, p5=27, sr=20, sw=1, l=0, gc=0
Response-Body-Transformed: Dechunked
Producer: ModSecurity for Apache/2.7.3 (http://www.modsecurity.org/); OWASP_CRS/2.2.9.
Server: Apache
Engine-Mode: "ENABLED"
--1d0c4d75-Z--
--52e6a01c-A--
[08/Jul/2018:06:59:50 +0000] W0G2ZlraFr00R9M6JipfIQAAAAI 127.0.0.1 37638 127.0.0.1 8000
--52e6a01c-B--
GET /wiki/L%E2%80%99Atelier_Paysan HTTP/1.0
X-Real-IP: 66.220.146.185
X-Forwarded-Proto: https
X-Forwarded-Port: 443
Host: wiki.opensourceecology.org
Accept: */*
User-Agent: facebookexternalhit/1.1
Range: bytes=0-131071
X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip
X-Varnish: 14190516
--52e6a01c-F--
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Content-Length: 225
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
--52e6a01c-E--
--52e6a01c-H--
Message: Access denied with code 403 (phase 2). String match "bytes=0-" at REQUEST_HEADERS:Range. [file "/etc/httpd/modsecurity.d/activated_rules/modsecurity_crs_20_protocol_violations.conf"] [line "428"] [id "958291"] [rev "2"] [msg "Range: field exists and begins with 0."] [data "bytes=0-131071"] [severity "WARNING"] [ver "OWASP_CRS/2.2.9"] [maturity "6"] [accuracy "8"] [tag "OWASP_CRS/PROTOCOL_VIOLATION/INVALID_HREQ"]
Action: Intercepted (phase 2)
Apache-Handler: php5-script
Stopwatch: 1531033190783654 371 (- - -)
Stopwatch2: 1531033190783654 371; combined=130, p1=87, p2=14, p3=0, p4=0, p5=29, sr=22, sw=0, l=0, gc=0
Response-Body-Transformed: Dechunked
Producer: ModSecurity for Apache/2.7.3 (http://www.modsecurity.org/); OWASP_CRS/2.2.9.
Server: Apache
Engine-Mode: "ENABLED"
--52e6a01c-Z--
--282b2851-A--
[08/Jul/2018:06:59:51 +0000] W0G2ZxiIV543eZ9b0krEgQAAAAE 127.0.0.1 37642 127.0.0.1 8000
--282b2851-B--
GET /wiki/L%E2%80%99Atelier_Paysan HTTP/1.0
X-Real-IP: 31.13.122.23
X-Forwarded-Proto: https
X-Forwarded-Port: 443
Host: wiki.opensourceecology.org
Accept: */*
User-Agent: facebookexternalhit/1.1 (+http://www.facebook.com/externalhit_uatext.php)
Range: bytes=0-524287
X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip
X-Varnish: 13886168
--282b2851-F--
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Content-Length: 225
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
--282b2851-E--
--282b2851-H--
Message: Access denied with code 403 (phase 2). String match "bytes=0-" at REQUEST_HEADERS:Range. [file "/etc/httpd/modsecurity.d/activated_rules/modsecurity_crs_20_protocol_violations.conf"] [line "428"] [id "958291"] [rev "2"] [msg "Range: field exists and begins with 0."] [data "bytes=0-524287"] [severity "WARNING"] [ver "OWASP_CRS/2.2.9"] [maturity "6"] [accuracy "8"] [tag "OWASP_CRS/PROTOCOL_VIOLATION/INVALID_HREQ"]
Action: Intercepted (phase 2)
Apache-Handler: php5-script
Stopwatch: 1531033191244028 353 (- - -)
Stopwatch2: 1531033191244028 353; combined=129, p1=85, p2=14, p3=0, p4=0, p5=30, sr=20, sw=0, l=0, gc=0
Response-Body-Transformed: Dechunked
Producer: ModSecurity for Apache/2.7.3 (http://www.modsecurity.org/); OWASP_CRS/2.2.9.
Server: Apache
Engine-Mode: "ENABLED"
--282b2851-Z--
--41d26d46-A--
[08/Jul/2018:07:03:42 +0000] W0G3ThiIV543eZ9b0krEhAAAAAE 127.0.0.1 38196 127.0.0.1 8000
--41d26d46-B--
GET /entry/register?Target=discussion%2F541%2Fsolved-emailprocessor.php-sends-all-emails-to-039civimail.ignored039 HTTP/1.1
X-Real-IP: 96.73.213.217
X-Forwarded-Proto: https
X-Forwarded-Port: 443
Host: forum.opensourceecology.org
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.104 Safari/537.36 Core/1.53.2057.400 QQBrowser/9.5.10158.400
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
DNT: 1
X-Forwarded-For: 96.73.213.217, 127.0.0.1, 127.0.0.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip
hash: #forum.opensourceecology.org
X-Varnish: 14190751
--41d26d46-F--
[root@hetzner2 httpd]#
- I whitelisted this rule in the vhost config file
Fri Jul 06, 2018
- yesterday I calculated that we should backup about ~34.87G of data from hetzner1 to glacier before shutting down the node and terminating its contract
- note that this size will likely be much smaller after compression.
- I confirmed that we have 128G of available space to '/' on hetzner2
[root@hetzner2 ~]# date Fri Jul 6 17:59:12 UTC 2018 [root@hetzner2 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md2 197G 60G 128G 32% / devtmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 32G 3.1G 29G 10% /run tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/md1 488M 289M 174M 63% /boot tmpfs 6.3G 0 6.3G 0% /run/user/1005 [root@hetzner2 ~]#
- we also have 165G of available space on '/usr' on hetzner1
osemain@dedi978:~$ date Fri Jul 6 19:59:31 CEST 2018 osemain@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/osemain osemain@dedi978:~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/dm-0 9.8G 363M 8.9G 4% / udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev tmpfs 787M 788K 786M 1% /run /dev/dm-1 322G 142G 165G 47% /usr tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/md0 95M 30M 66M 32% /boot /dev/mapper/vg-tmp 4.8G 308M 4.3G 7% /tmp /dev/mapper/vg-var 20G 2.3G 17G 13% /var tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /var/spool/exim/scan /dev/mapper/vg-vartmp 5.8G 1.8G 3.8G 32% /var/tmp osemain@dedi978:~$
- while it may make sense to do this upload to glacier on hetzern1, I've had hetzner1 terminate my screen sessions randomly in the past. I'd rather do it on hetzner2--where I actually have control over the server with root credentials. Therefore, I think I'll make the compressed tarballs on hetzner1 & scp them to hetzner2. On hetzner2 I'll encrypt the tarballs and create their (also encrypted) corresponding metadata files (listing all the files in the tarballs, for easy/cheaper querying later), and upload both.
- I created a wiki article for this CHG, which will be the canonical URL listed in the metadata files for info on what this data is that I've uploaded to glacier https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/CHG-2018-07-06_hetzner1_deprecation
- I discovered that the DBs on hetzner1 are necessarily accessible to the public Internet (ugh).
- so I _could_ do the mysqldump from hetnzer2, but it's better to do it locally (data tx & sec), and then compress it _before_ sending it to hetzner2
- began backing-up files on osemain
# declare vars
stamp=`date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`
backupDir="${HOME}/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
backupFilePrefix="final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
excludeArg1="${HOME}/backups"
excludeArg2="${HOME}/noBackup"
# prepare backup dir
mkdir -p "${backupDir}"
# backup home files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_home.tar.bz2" ${HOME}/*
# backup web root files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_webroot.tar.bz2" /usr/www/users/`whoami`/*
# dump DBs
dbName=openswh
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
dbName=ose_fef
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
dbName=ose_website
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
dbName=osesurv
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
dbName=osewiki
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
- began backups on oseblog
# declare vars
stamp=`date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`
backupDir="${HOME}/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
backupFilePrefix="final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
excludeArg1="${HOME}/backups"
excludeArg2="${HOME}/noBackup"
# prepare backup dir
mkdir -p "${backupDir}"
# backup home files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_home.tar.bz2" ${HOME}/*
# backup web root files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_webroot.tar.bz2" /usr/www/users/`whoami`/*
# dump DB
dbName=oseblog
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
- began backups on osecivi
stamp=`date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`
backupDir="${HOME}/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
backupFilePrefix="final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
excludeArg1="${HOME}/backups"
excludeArg2="${HOME}/noBackup"
# prepare backup dir
mkdir -p "${backupDir}"
# backup home files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_home.tar.bz2" ${HOME}/*
# backup web root files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_webroot.tar.bz2" /usr/www/users/`whoami`/*
# dump DBs
dbName=osecivi
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
dbName=osedrupal
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
- began backup of oseforum
# declare vars
stamp=`date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`
backupDir="${HOME}/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
backupFilePrefix="final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
excludeArg1="${HOME}/backups"
excludeArg2="${HOME}/noBackup"
# prepare backup dir
mkdir -p "${backupDir}"
# backup home files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_home.tar.bz2" ${HOME}/*
# backup web root files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_webroot.tar.bz2" /usr/www/users/`whoami`/*
# dump DB
dbName=oseforum
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
- began backup of microft
# declare vars
stamp=`date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`
backupDir="${HOME}/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
backupFilePrefix="final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_`whoami`_${stamp}"
excludeArg1="${HOME}/backups"
excludeArg2="${HOME}/noBackup"
# prepare backup dir
mkdir -p "${backupDir}"
# backup home files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_home.tar.bz2" ${HOME}/*
# backup web root files
time nice tar --exclude "${excludeArg1}" --exclude "${excludeArg2}" -cjvf "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_webroot.tar.bz2" /usr/www/users/`whoami`/*
# dump DBs
dbName=microft_db2
dbUser=microft_2
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbUser}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
dbName=microft_drupal1
dbUser=microft_d1u
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbUser}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
dbName=microft_wiki
dbPass=CHANGEME
time nice mysqldump -u"${dbName}" -p"${dbPass}" --all-databases | bzip2 -c > "${backupDir}/${backupFilePrefix}_mysqldump-${dbName}.${stamp}.sql.bz2"
- after compression (but before encryption), here's the resulting sizes of the backups
- oseforum
oseforum@dedi978:~$ find noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_* -type f -exec du -sh '{}' \;
57M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_home.tar.bz2
46M noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_mysqldump-oseforum.20180706-230007.sql.bz2
oseforum@dedi978:~$
- osecivi 16M
osecivi@dedi978:~/noBackup$ find $HOME/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_* -type f -exec du -sh '{}' \;
180K /usr/home/osecivi/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_mysqldump-osedrupal.20180706-233128.sql.bz2
2.3M /usr/home/osecivi/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_home.tar.bz2
12M /usr/home/osecivi/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_webroot.tar.bz2
1.1M /usr/home/osecivi/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_osecivi_20180706-233128_mysqldump-osecivi.20180706-233128.sql.bz2
osecivi@dedi978:~/noBackup$
<pre>
## oseforum 957M
<pre>
oseforum@dedi978:~$ find $HOME/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_* -type f -exec du -sh '{}' \;
854M /usr/home/oseforum/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_home.tar.bz2
46M /usr/home/oseforum/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_mysqldump-oseforum.20180706-230007.sql.bz2
57M /usr/home/oseforum/noBackup/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007/final_backup_before_hetzner1_deprecation_oseforum_20180706-230007_webroot.tar.bz2
oseforum@dedi978:~$
- created a safe dir on hetzner2 to store the files before encrypting & uploading to glacier
[root@hetzner2 tmp]# cd /var/tmp [root@hetzner2 tmp]# mkdir deprecateHetzner1 [root@hetzner2 tmp]# chown root:root deprecateHetzner1/ [root@hetzner2 tmp]# chmod 0700 deprecateHetzner1/ [root@hetzner2 tmp]# ls -lah deprecateHetzner1/ total 8.0K drwx------ 2 root root 4.0K Jul 6 23:14 . drwxrwxrwt. 52 root root 4.0K Jul 6 23:14 .. [root@hetzner2 tmp]#
- ...
- while the backups were running on hetzner2, I began looking into migrating hetzner2's active daily backups to s3.
- I logged into the aws console for the first time in a couple months, and I saw that our first bill was $5.20 in May, $1.08 in June, and $1.08 in July. Not bad, but that's going to go up after we dump all this hetzner1 stuff in glacier & start using s3 for our dailys. In any case, it'll be far, far, far less than the amount we'll be saving by ending our contract for hetzner1!
- I created our first bucket in s3 named 'oseserverbackups'
- important: it was set to "do not grant public read access to this bucket" !
- looks like I already created an IAM user & creds with access to both glacier & s3. I added this to hetzner2:/root/backups/backup.settings
- I installed aws for the root user on hetzner2, added the creds, and confirmed that I could access the new bucket
# create temporary directory tmpdir=`mktemp -d` pushd "$tmpdir" /usr/bin/wget "https://s3.amazonaws.com/aws-cli/awscli-bundle.zip" /usr/bin/unzip awscli-bundle.zip ./awscli-bundle/install -b ~/bin/aws # cleanly exit popd /bin/rm -rf "$tmpdir" exit 0
[root@hetzner2 tmp.vbm56CUp50]# aws --version aws-cli/1.15.53 Python/2.7.5 Linux/3.10.0-693.2.2.el7.x86_64 botocore/1.10.52 [root@hetzner2 tmp.vbm56CUp50]# aws s3 ls Unable to locate credentials. You can configure credentials by running "aws configure". [root@hetzner2 tmp.vbm56CUp50]# aws configure AWS Access Key ID [None]: <obfuscated> AWS Secret Access Key [None]: <obfuscated> Default region name [None]: us-west-2 Default output format [None]: [root@hetzner2 tmp.vbm56CUp50]# aws s3 ls 2018-07-07 00:05:22 oseserverbackups [root@hetzner2 tmp.vbm56CUp50]#
# successfully tested an upload to s3 <pre> [root@hetzner2 backups]# cat /var/tmp/test.txt some file destined for s3 this is [root@hetzner2 backups]# aws s3 cp /var/tmp/test.txt s3://oseserverbackups/test.txt upload: ../../var/tmp/test.txt to s3://oseserverbackups/test.txt [root@hetzner2 backups]#
- confirmed that I could see the file in the aws console wui
- clicked the link for the object, and confirmed that I got an AccessDenied error https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/oseserverbackups/test.txt
- next step: enable lifecycle policy. Ideally, I want to be able to say that files uploaded on the first of the month (either by metadata of the upload timestamp or by regex match on object name) will automatically "freeze" into glaicer after a few days, and all other files will just get deleted automatically after a few days.
- so it looks like we can limit by object name match or by tag. It's probably better if we just have our script add a 'monthly-backup' tag to the object when uploading on the first-of-the-month, then have our lifecycle policy built around that bit https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/user-guide/create-lifecycle.html
- ugh, TIL s3 objects under the default storage class = STANDARD_IA have a minimum lifetime of 30 days. If you delete an object before 30 days, you're still charged for 30 days https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/storage-class-intro.html
- that means we'll have to store 30 copies of our daily backups at minimum, which are 15G as of now. That's 450G stored to s3 = 0.023 * 450 = $10.35/mo * 12 = $124.2/yr. That sucks.
- per my previous research, we may want to look into using one of these providers instead:
- Backblaze B2 https://www.backblaze.com/b2/cloud-storage.html
- Google Nearline & Coldline https://cloud.google.com/storage/archival/
- Microsoft OneDrive https://onedrive.live.com/about/en-us/
- a quick calculation on the backblaze price calculator (biased, of course) with initial_upload=15G, monthly_upload=450G, monthly_delete=435G, monthly_download=3G gives a cost of $7.11/year. They say that would cost $30.15/yr on s3, $29.88/yr on google, and $26.10 on Microsoft. Well, at least they're wrong in a good way: it would cost more than that in s3. Hopefully they know their own pricing better. $8/year is great for backing-up 15G every day..
Thr Jul 05, 2018
- logged time for last week
- using my ose account, I uploaded the remaining misc photos from my visit to FeF to a new album https://photos.app.goo.gl/YZGTQdWnfFWcJc6p8
- I created a slideshow out of this & added it to the wiki here https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Michael_Photo_Folder
- ...
- began revisiting hetzner1. We want to dump all the content onto glaicer before we terminate our contract here.
- I just checked the billing section. Wow, it's 74.79 eur per month. What a rip-off! Hopefully we won't have to pay that much longer..
- because we don't have root, this is more tricky. First, we need to get a list of all the users & investigate what data each has. If the total amount of data is small enough, we can just tar it all up & ship it to glaicer.
- it's not an exact test, but skimming through /etc/passwd suggests that there may be 11 users on hetzner1: osemain, osecivi, oseblog, oseforum, oseirc, oseholla, osesurv, sandbox, microft, zabbix, openswh
- a better test is probably checking which users' shells are /bin/bash
osemain@dedi978:~$ grep '/bin/bash' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash postgres:x:111:113:PostgreSQL administrator,,,:/var/lib/postgresql:/bin/bash osemain:x:1010:1010:opensourceecology.org:/usr/home/osemain:/bin/bash osecivi:x:1014:1014:civicrm.opensourceecology.org:/usr/home/osecivi:/bin/bash oseblog:x:1015:1015:blog.opensourceecology.org:/usr/home/oseblog:/bin/bash oseforum:x:1016:1016:forum.opensourceecology.org:/usr/home/oseforum:/bin/bash osesurv:x:1020:1020:survey.opensourceecology.org:/usr/home/osesurv:/bin/bash microft:x:1022:1022:test.opensourceecology.org:/usr/home/microft:/bin/bash osemain@dedi978:~$
- excluding postgres & root, it looks like 6x users (many of the others are addons, and I think they're under 'osemain') = osemain, osecivi, oseblog, oseforum, osesurv, and microft
osemain@dedi978:~$ ls -lah public_html/archive/addon-domains/ total 32K drwxr-xr-x 8 osemain users 4.0K Jan 18 16:56 . drwxr-xr-x 13 osemain osemain 4.0K Jun 20 2017 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 osemain users 4.0K Jul 26 2011 addontest drwx---r-x 2 osemain users 4.0K Jul 26 2011 holla drwx---r-x 2 osemain users 4.0K Jul 26 2011 irc drwxr-xr-x 2 osemain osemain 4.0K Jan 18 16:59 opensourcewarehouse.org drwxr-xr-x 2 osemain osemain 4.0K Feb 23 2012 sandbox drwxr-xr-x 13 osemain osemain 4.0K Dec 30 2017 survey osemain@dedi978:~$
- I was able to ssh in as osemain, osecivi, oseblog, and oseforum (using my pubkey, so I must have set this up earlier when investigating what I needed to migrate). I was _not_ able to ssh in as 'osesurv' and 'microft'
- on the main page of the konsoleh wui after logging in, there's 5 domains listed: "(blog|civicrm|forum|test).opensourceecology.org" and 'opensourceecology.org'. The one that stands out here is 'test.opensourceecology.org'. Upon clicking on it & digging around, I found that the username for this domain is 'microft'.
- In this test = microft domain (in the konsoleh wui), I tried to click 'WebFTP' (which is how I would upload my ssh key), but I got an erorr "Could not connect to server dedi978.your-server.de:21 with user microft". Indeed, it looks like the account is "suspended"
- to confirm further, I clicked the "FTP" link for the forum account, and confirmed that I could ftp in (ugh) as the user & password supplied by the wui (double-ugh). I tried again using the user/pass from the test=microft domain, and I could not login
- ^ that said, It *does* list it as using 4.49G of disk space + 3 DBs
- the 3 DBs are mysql = microft_db2 (24.3M), microft_drupal1 (29.7M), and microft_wiki (19.4G). Holy shit, 19.4G DB!
- digging into the last db's phpmyadmin, I see a table named "wiki_objectcache" that's 4.2G, "wiki_searchindex" that's 2.7G, and "wiki_text" that's 7.4G. This certainly looks like a Mediawiki DB.
- from the wiki_user table, the last user_id = 1038401 = Traci Clutter, which was created on 20150702040307
- I found that all these accounts are still accessible from a subdomain of our dedi978.your-server.de dns:
- http://blog.opensourceecology.org.dedi978.your-server.de/
- this one gives a 500 internal server error
- http://civicrm.opensourceecology.org.dedi978.your-server.de/
- this one actually loads a drupal page with a login, though the only content is " Welcome to OSE CRM / No front page content has been created yet."
- http://forum.opensourceecology.org.dedi978.your-server.de/
- this one still loads, and appears to be fully functional (ugh)
- http://test.opensourceecology.org.dedi978.your-server.de/
- this gives a 403 forbidden with the comment "You don't have permission to access / on this server." "Server unable to read htaccess file, denying access to be safe"
- http://blog.opensourceecology.org.dedi978.your-server.de/
- In digging through the test.opensourceecology.org domain's settings, I found "Services -> Settings -> Block / Unblock". It (unlike the others) was listed as "Status: Blocked." So I clicked the "Unblock it" button and got "The domain has been successfully unblocked.".
- now WebFTP worked
- this now loads too http://test.opensourceecology.org.dedi978.your-server.de/ ! It's pretty horribly broken, but it appears to be a "True Fans Drupal" "Microfunding Proposal" site. I wouldn't be surprised if it got "blocked" due to being a hacked outdated version of drupal.
- WebFTP didn't let me upload a .ssh dir (it appears to not work with hidden dirs = '.' prefix), but I was able to FTP in (ugh)
- I downloaded the existing .ssh/authorized_keys file, added my key to the end of it, and re-uploaded it
- I was able to successfully ssh-in!
- ok, now that I have access to what I believe to be all the accounts, let's determine what they've got in files
- I found a section of the hetzner konsoleh wui that shows sizes per account (Under Statistics -> Account overview)
- opensourceecology.org 99.6G
- blog.opensourceecology.org 8.71G
- test.opensourceecology.org 4.49G
- forum.opensourceecology.org 1.15G
- civicrm.opensourceecology.org 170M
- ^ all sites display "0G" for "Traffic"
- osemain has 5.7G, not including the websites that we migrated--whoose data has been moved to 'noBackup'
osemain@dedi978:~$ date Fri Jul 6 01:20:41 CEST 2018 osemain@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/osemain osemain@dedi978:~$ whoami osemain osemain@dedi978:~$ du -sh * --exclude='noBackup' 983M backups 1.3M bin 4.0K composer.json 36K composer.lock 4.0K cron 4.0K emails.txt 9.8M extensions 16K freemind.sourceforge.net 4.0K id-dsa-iphone.pub 4.0K id_rsa-hetzner 4.0K id_rsa-hetzner.pub 288K installer 0 jboss 470M jboss-4.2.3.GA 4.0K jboss-command-line.txt 234M jdk1.6.0_29 0 jdk-6 808K mbkp 0 opensourceecology.org 4.0K passwd.cdb 4.0K PCRE-patch 0 public_html 4.0K uc?id=0B1psBarfpPkzb0JQV1B6Z01teVk 28K users 16K var-run 2.9M vendor 4.0K videos 4.0K wiki_olddocroot 1.1M wrapper-linux-x86-64-3.5.13 2.6G www_logs osemain@dedi978:~$ du -sh --exclude='noBackup' 5.7G . osemain@dedi978:~$
- osemain has 5.7G, not including the websites that we migrated--whoose data has been moved to 'noBackup'
- oseblog has 2.7G
oseblog@dedi978:~$ date Fri Jul 6 02:39:11 CEST 2018 oseblog@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/oseblog oseblog@dedi978:~$ whoami oseblog oseblog@dedi978:~$ du -sh * 8.0K bin 0 blog.opensourceecology.org 12K cron 788K mbkp 349M oftblog.dump 4.0K passwd.cdb 0 public_html 208K tmp 104K users 1.2G www_logs oseblog@dedi978:~$ du -sh 2.7G . oseblog@dedi978:~$
- osecivi has 44M
osecivi@dedi978:~$ date Fri Jul 6 02:40:19 CEST 2018 osecivi@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/osecivi osecivi@dedi978:~$ whoami osecivi osecivi@dedi978:~$ du -sh * 4.0K bin 0 civicrm.opensourceecology.org 4.0K civimail-errors.txt 2.0M CiviMail.ignored-2011 20K civimail.out 20K cron 2.5M d7-civicrm.dump 828K d7-drupal.dump 788K mbkp 2.2M oftcivi.dump 8.0M oftdrupal.dump 4.0K passwd.cdb 0 public_html 4.0K pw.txt 28K users 3.4M www_logs osecivi@dedi978:~$ du -sh 44M . osecivi@dedi978:~$
- oseforum has 1.1G
oseforum@dedi978:~$ date Fri Jul 6 02:41:04 CEST 2018 oseforum@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/oseforum oseforum@dedi978:~$ whoami oseforum oseforum@dedi978:~$ du -sh * 8.0K bin 16K cron 0 forum.opensourceecology.org 788K mbkp 7.5M oftforum.dump 4.0K passwd.cdb 0 public_html 102M tmp 14M users 11M vanilla-2.0.18.1 756M www_logs oseforum@dedi978:~$ du -sh 1.1G . oseforum@dedi978:~$
- microft has 1.8G
microft@dedi978:~$ date Fri Jul 6 02:42:00 CEST 2018 microft@dedi978:~$ pwd /usr/home/microft microft@dedi978:~$ whoami microft microft@dedi978:~$ du -sh * 8.8M db-backup 3.6M drupal.sql 1.6M drush 44M drush-backups 1.7M git_repos 376M mbkp-wiki-db 18M mediawiki-1.20.2.tar.gz 4.0K passwd.cdb 0 public_html 28K users 1.3G www_logs microft@dedi978:~$ du -sh 1.8G . microft@dedi978:~$
- those numbers above are files only. It doesn't include mailboxes or databases. I don't really care about mailboxes (they're probably unused), but I do want to backup databases.
- osemain has 5 databases:
- openswh 7.51M
- ose_fef 3.65M
- ose_website 32M
- osesurv 697K
- osewiki 2.48G
- there doesn't appear to be any DBs for the 'addon' domains under this domain (addontest, holla, irc, opensourcwarehouse, sandbox, survey)
- oseblog has 1 db
- oseblog 1.23G
- osecivi has 2 dbs
- osecivi 31.3M
- osedrupal 8.05M
- oseforum has 1 db
- oseforum 182M
- microft has 3 dbs
- microft_db2 24.3M
- microft_drupal1 33.4M
- microft_wiki 19.5G
- so the total size of file data to backup are 5.7+2.7+0.04+1.1+1.8 = 11.34G
- and the total size of db data to backup is 0.007+0.003+0.03+0.001+2.48+1.23+0.03+0.08+0.1+0.02+0.02+0.03+19.5 = 23.53G
- therefore, the total size of db backups to push to glacier so we can feel safe permanently shutting down hetzner1 is 34.87G
- note that this size will likely be much smaller after compression.