Biocrude Refinery

Basics

• A biorefinery specifically desinged to process Biocrude
• Very similar to a petroleum refinery
• Also should be able to accept Pyrolysis Oil and Plant Oil ?
• Seems most existing refineries are very focused on producing Gasoline (~45% of each barrels is made into this product?)
  • Thus a post gasoline engine world's refinery would be very different.
• Need to finish out List of OSE Used (Bio) Petrochemical Products (also make distinction / page for the [[Post all the things world )

Used For

• Production of Bio-Fuels
• Production of Bio-Petrochemicals
• Production of other Biocrude Derivateves

Existing Open Source Designs

• This Video on very small scale lab batch distillation
• Various Lab setups for distillation (even if not specifically for petroleum
• Setups for Alchohol Distillation being adapted

Minimum Viable Product

Lab Scale

• ~1L Capacity of Biocrude in
• Can fit on a lab station

Microfactory/Pilot Plant Scale

• Can fit on Pallets, Skids, or IMCs

Basic Design

Biocrude Tank

• This takes biocrude either from an onsite producer, or from ofsite transport

HTL Catalyst Removal Unit?

• This scrubs and recovers any HTL catalysts
• Grab info on what catalysts are used in HTL + how one would go about this

Biocrude Sweetening

• Supposedly Biocrude can cause Catalyst Poisoning
  • Mainly due to salt and metal content
• So a "Desalter" and a Hydro-demetalization stage?

Heater

• Used only in continous distillers (NOT batch style ones)
• Preheats the oil to 400° for the (Bio)-Crude-Oil Distillation Unit (or the "(B)CDU")

(B)CDU

• Stands for (Bio)-Crude-Oil Distillation Unit
• Has two variants:

Batch

• Used for small scale due to is's simplicity
• Is essentially what this video lays out

Continous

• This

VDU

• Stands for Vacuum Distillation Unit
• Distills the heaviest fractions without thermally cracking them via lowering the temp needed

Other Units

• These can change various fractions into others and/or refine them further:

Visbreaker Unit

• Seems to be a modification of the pre-CDU heater, to cause Thermal Cracking

BOM

Lab Scale

• Algae Source
• Way to Partially Dry Algae
• Catalysts
• 1x HTL Pressure Vessel
• 1x HTL Heat Source
• 1x 1 (or 2) L Distillation Apperatus (with percise heat source to use the video's method of extraction, also the collection resevoir should be easily swappable and / or washable

Internal Links

• Biocrude
• HTL
• Biorefinery

External Links

• The Wikipedia Page on Petroleum refining processes is essentially the same but with a different feedstock
• The Wikipedia Page on Nelson Complexity Index
• "Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Science: FSC 432: Petroleum Processing" The Main Page
  • "Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License" so Open Source Textbook of sorts?